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Related Experiment Videos

Corneal rings with gram-negative bacteria.

B J Mondino, B S Rabin, E Kessler

    Archives of Ophthalmology (Chicago, Ill. : 1960)
    |December 1, 1977
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Corneal rings, often seen with Gram-negative bacterial infections, are caused by endotoxins stimulating the complement system. This process attracts white blood cells, forming these characteristic rings in the cornea.

    Area of Science:

    • Ophthalmology
    • Microbiology
    • Immunology

    Background:

    • Corneal rings are observed in cases of corneal ulceration linked to Gram-negative bacterial infections.
    • The precise mechanism of corneal ring formation, particularly the role of bacterial components, requires elucidation.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the causative agent and mechanism behind the formation of corneal rings.
    • To determine if bacterial endotoxins are responsible for inducing corneal rings.

    Main Methods:

    • Intracorneal injections of viable and inactivated Gram-negative bacteria (Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli), Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus), and purified endotoxin.
    • Histopathological examination of corneal tissues.
    • Direct immunofluorescence studies for complement components and immunoglobulins.

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    Main Results:

    • Corneal rings were induced by viable and heat-inactivated Gram-negative bacteria, as well as purified endotoxin, but not by Gram-positive bacteria or Freund's adjuvant.
    • Histopathology revealed corneal rings as accumulations of polymorphonuclear leukocytes.
    • Immunofluorescence showed the presence of properdin and C3 complement, but not immunoglobulins, within the corneal rings.

    Conclusions:

    • Bacterial endotoxin is implicated as the primary factor responsible for the production of corneal rings.
    • Endotoxin likely stimulates the alternate complement pathway via properdin activation.
    • This activation generates chemotactic fragments that recruit polymorphonuclear leukocytes, leading to the observed corneal ring structures.