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Sleep quality and insomnia during the COVID-19 lockdown among the Saudi public: A cross-sectional study
Adel S Alharbi1, Sultan M Alshahrani1, Muslim M Alsaadi1
1From the Department of Pediatrics (Alharbi), Pediatric Sleep Disorders Center, Prince Sultan Military City, Ministry of Defense; from the Department of Neurosciences (Alshahrani), King Abdullah bin Abdulaziz University Hospital, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University; from the Department of Pediatrics (Alsaadi), from the National Plan for Science and Technology (BaHammam), College of Medicine & King Khalid University Hospital; from the University Sleep Disorders Center (BaHammam), Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, King Saud University; from the Department of Medicine (AL-Jahdali), Sleep Disorder Center, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz for Health Sciences, Riyadh; and from the Sleep Medicine and Research Center (Wali), King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
Objectives:
To measure the Saudi population's sleep quality during the lockdown of COVID-19.
Methods:
An internet-based questionnaire that was performed during the lockdown of the COVID-19 pandemic among the Saudi population over 2 weeks from April 1 to April 15, 2020. We used the instant messaging application WhatsApp and Twitter to reach the targeted population. Saudi citizens and non-Saudi residents who can read and understand the questionnaire were recruited. Data were analyzed using Stata and SPSS.
Results:
A total of 790 responses were included. The majority of participants were the Saudi population 735 (92.9%). The prevalence of insomnia and poor sleep quality were 54.4% and 55.5%, respectively. Saudi citizenship was associated with longer sleep duration (p=0.031). Female gender and being married were associated with worse global PSQI, sleep quality, sleep distribution, sleep latency, and daytime dysfunction.
Conclusion:
Our findings showed that during the COVID-19 pandemic, the Saudi population had a high prevalence of insomnia and poor sleep quality. Routine monitoring of the psychological impact of life-threatening outbreaks and the adoption of effective early mental health actions should be considered.
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