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Related Concept Videos

Adaptive Mechanisms in Cancer Cells02:53

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Cancer cells accumulate genetic changes at an abnormally rapid rate due to the defects in the DNA repair mechanisms. From an evolutionary perspective, such genetic instability is advantageous for cancer development. Mutant cell lines accumulate a series of beneficial mutations that contribute to their progression into cancer.
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Rapidly dividing tumors, embryos, and wounded tissues require more oxygen than usual, lowering the oxygen concentration in the blood. At low oxygen or hypoxic conditions, an oxygen-sensitive transcription factor called the hypoxia-inducible factor 1 or HIF1 is activated. HIF1 is a dimeric protein of alpha (ɑ) and beta (β) subunits.  Under optimal oxygen conditions, HIF1β is present in the nucleus while HIF1ɑ remains in the cytosol. HIF1ɑ is hydroxylated by prolyl...
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Tumor suppressor genes are normal genes that can slow down cell division, repair DNA mistakes, or program the cells for apoptosis in case of irreparable damage. Hence, they play an essential role in preventing the proliferation of damaged cells.
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Genes usually encode proteins necessary for the proper functioning of a healthy cell. Mutations can often cause changes to the gene expression pattern, thereby altering the phenotype.
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Cancer02:18

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Cancers arise due to mutations in genes involved in the regulation of cell division, which leads to unrestricted cell proliferation. Modern science and medicine have made great strides in the understanding and treatment of cancer, including eradicating cancer in some patients. However, there is still no cure for cancer. This is largely due to the fact that cancer is a large group of many diseases.
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Updated: Nov 10, 2025

Induction and Testing of Hypoxia in Cell Culture
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Tumor Hypoxia Drives Genomic Instability.

Ming Tang1,2, Emma Bolderson1,2, Kenneth J O'Byrne1,2,3

  • 1Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, QLD, Australia.

Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology
|April 2, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Hypoxia, or low oxygen, in tumors fuels cancer aggressiveness and treatment resistance by causing genomic instability. Understanding these mechanisms is key to developing new cancer therapies targeting hypoxic tumors.

Keywords:
DNA damage repairDNA damage responseHIF-1αcancer therapeutic resistanceconceptual lethalitygenomic instabilitytumor hypoxia

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In Vivo Model for Testing Effect of Hypoxia on Tumor Metastasis
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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Cancer Research

Background:

  • Cancer is a major global health concern, with hypoxia being a common hallmark.
  • Tumor hypoxia correlates with poor patient prognosis, increased malignancy, and resistance to therapies.
  • Hypoxia-induced genomic instability is a significant contributor to tumor aggressiveness.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent findings on the link between tumor hypoxia and genomic instability.
  • To elucidate the mechanisms by which hypoxia drives genomic instability.
  • To discuss strategies for targeting hypoxic tumors to improve therapeutic efficacy.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent scientific publications.
  • Analysis of molecular and genetic mechanisms.
  • Synthesis of data on therapeutic targeting strategies.

Main Results:

  • Tumor hypoxia is strongly associated with increased genomic instability.
  • Specific molecular pathways mediating hypoxia-induced DNA damage and mutations were identified.
  • Targeting strategies for hypoxic tumors show potential for enhanced treatment outcomes.

Conclusions:

  • Hypoxia-driven genomic instability is a critical factor in cancer progression and therapeutic resistance.
  • Elucidating these mechanisms provides a foundation for novel therapeutic interventions.
  • Targeting hypoxic tumor environments is a promising strategy to overcome treatment failure.