Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Export of Mitochondrial and Chloroplast Genes

Export of Mitochondrial and Chloroplast Genes

A eukaryotic cell can have up to three different types of genetic systems: nuclear, mitochondrial, and chloroplast. During evolution, organelles have exported many genes to the nucleus; this transfer is still ongoing in some plant species. Approximately 18% of the Arabidopsis thaliana nuclear genome is thought to be derived from the chloroplast’s cyanobacterial ancestor, and around 75% of the yeast genome derived from the mitochondria’s bacterial ancestor. This export has occurred...

Comparing Mitochondrial, Chloroplast, and Prokaryotic Genomes

Comparing Mitochondrial, Chloroplast, and Prokaryotic Genomes

The present-day mitochondrial and chloroplast genomes have retained some of the characteristics of their ancestral prokaryotes and also have acquired new attributes during their evolution within eukaryotic cells. Like prokaryotic genomes, mitochondrial and chloroplast genomes neither bind with histone-like proteins nor show complex packaging into chromosome-like structures, as observed in eukaryotes. Unlike mitotic cell divisions observed in eukaryotic cells, mitochondria and chloroplasts...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

From Laboratory to Real Clinical Practice: A Multidisciplinary Approach Towards the Next Probiotics.

Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland)·2026

Same author

Integrating Secondary Structure Information Enhances Phylogenetic Signal in Mitochondrial Protein Coding Genes.

Systematic biology·2026

Same author

A Beetle <i>In Vitro</i>: Establishment of a Short-Term Cell Culture from the Pest <i>Popillia japonica</i>.

Insects·2026

Same author

Darwin wasps (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae) of the Nature Reserve of Pantalica (Sicily, Italy).

Biodiversity data journal·2026

Same author

SmithRNAs: A Common Feature among Metazoa.

Genome biology and evolution·2025

Same author

De novo genome assembly of the endemic Italian springtail Orchesella dallaii (Collembola: Orchesellidae).

G3 (Bethesda, Md.)·2025

Same journal

Assembly and sequence analysis of the chloroplast genome of <i>Amorphophallus atroviridis</i> Hett 1994.

Mitochondrial DNA. Part B, Resources·2026

Same journal

The complete chloroplast genome and phylogenetic analysis of <i>Viburnum furcatum</i> (adoxaceae).

Mitochondrial DNA. Part B, Resources·2026

Same journal

The mitochondrial genome of <i>Helina trivittata</i> (Diptera: Muscidae) and its phylogenetic analysis.

Mitochondrial DNA. Part B, Resources·2026

Same journal

The complete chloroplast genome sequence and phylogenetic position of <i>Causonis japonica</i> (Thunb.) Raf. (Vitaceae).

Mitochondrial DNA. Part B, Resources·2026

Same journal

The complete mitochondrial genome of the <i>Boulenophrys xianjuensis</i> (Anura: Megophryidae).

Mitochondrial DNA. Part B, Resources·2026

Same journal

The complete mitochondrial genome of <i>Brevimulticaecum sinensis</i> (Nematoda: Heterocheilidae), the first representative of the genus <i>Brevimulticaecum</i>.

Mitochondrial DNA. Part B, Resources·2026

See all related articles

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 10, 2025

Immunopeptidomics: Isolation of Mouse and Human MHC Class I- and II-Associated Peptides for Mass Spectrometry Analysis

Immunopeptidomics: Isolation of Mouse and Human MHC Class I- and II-Associated Peptides for Mass Spectrometry Analysis

Published on: October 15, 2021

EZmito: a simple and fast tool for multiple mitogenome analyses.

Claudio Cucini¹, Chiara Leo², Nicola Iannotti¹

¹Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy.

Mitochondrial DNA. Part B, Resources

|April 2, 2021

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

EZmito is a new web server that automates the analysis of mitochondrial genome data for evolutionary studies. It simplifies complex data preparation and visualization, reducing errors and saving researchers time.

Keywords:

RSCU Web Server mitogenome nucleotide bias phylogeny

More Related Videos

A Fast and Quantitative Method for Post-translational Modification and Variant Enabled Mapping of Peptides to Genomes

A Fast and Quantitative Method for Post-translational Modification and Variant Enabled Mapping of Peptides to Genomes

Published on: May 22, 2018

Single Cell Multiplex Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction After Patch-clamp

Single Cell Multiplex Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction After Patch-clamp

Published on: June 20, 2018

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Nov 10, 2025

Immunopeptidomics: Isolation of Mouse and Human MHC Class I- and II-Associated Peptides for Mass Spectrometry Analysis

Immunopeptidomics: Isolation of Mouse and Human MHC Class I- and II-Associated Peptides for Mass Spectrometry Analysis

Published on: October 15, 2021

A Fast and Quantitative Method for Post-translational Modification and Variant Enabled Mapping of Peptides to Genomes

A Fast and Quantitative Method for Post-translational Modification and Variant Enabled Mapping of Peptides to Genomes

Published on: May 22, 2018

Single Cell Multiplex Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction After Patch-clamp

Single Cell Multiplex Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction After Patch-clamp

Published on: June 20, 2018

Area of Science:

Ecology and Evolution
Genomics
Bioinformatics

Background:

Mitochondrial genome data are crucial for phylogenetic and phylogeographic studies.
Next-generation sequencing (NGS) has made data generation easier, but analysis remains labor-intensive.
Manual data preparation can introduce errors in evolutionary analyses.

Purpose of the Study:

To introduce EZmito, a freely accessible web server.
To automate key tasks in mitochondrial genome data preparation and analysis.
To provide researchers with a user-friendly tool for phylo-mitogenomic studies.

Main Methods:

Development of EZmito, a web server with three integrated tools: EZpipe, EZskew, and EZcodon.
EZpipe: Assembles DNA matrices for phylogenetic analyses.
EZskew: Calculates nucleotide compositional skews; EZcodon: Computes codon and amino acid usage statistics.

Main Results:

EZmito automates the assembly of DNA matrices for phylo-mitogenomic analyses.
The server calculates genome, strand, and codon nucleotide compositional skews.
It computes Relative Synonymous Codon Usage and amino acid usage frequency across multiple mitogenomes.

Conclusions:

EZmito simplifies and automates critical steps in mitochondrial genome data analysis.
The tool provides tabular and graphical outputs for publication-quality results.
EZmito aims to reduce manual effort and potential errors in evolutionary and ecological research.