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Related Concept Videos

Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System I:Echocardiography01:17

Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System I:Echocardiography

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Cardiac imaging studies encompass a wide range of noninvasive and minimally invasive techniques designed to visualize the heart's structure and function in detail. One such technique is echocardiography, which uses high-frequency ultrasound waves to produce detailed images of the heart, known as echocardiograms.
Indications: Echocardiography is utilized to diagnose heart failure, valve disorders, and myocardial infarction. It also assesses cardiac structures' size, shape, and motion,...
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Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System II:Types of Echocardiography01:20

Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System II:Types of Echocardiography

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Echocardiography plays a role in assessing cardiac health and detecting heart conditions, with various types providing critical insights for diagnosis and treatment.
Types of Echocardiography
Transthoracic Echocardiography (TTE)
TTE is the most common type of echocardiogram which involves placing a transducer on the patient's chest, emitting sound waves to create heart images. TTE is invaluable for evaluating the heart's size, structure, and motion, making it particularly useful for...
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Imaging Studies II: Ultrasonography01:24

Imaging Studies II: Ultrasonography

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IntroductionUltrasonography, or renal ultrasound, is a noninvasive medical imaging technique that uses high-frequency sound waves to visualize the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and surrounding tissues.Indications for Urinary System UltrasonographyUrinary system ultrasonography is indicated in various clinical scenarios, such as:Kidney Stones (Urolithiasis): To detect and monitor the size and presence of kidney or urinary tract stones.Hydronephrosis: To assess the dilation of the renal pelvis and...
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Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System V: CT01:28

Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System V: CT

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Cardiac computed tomography (CT) scanning is an advanced cardiac imaging technique that utilizes CT technology, with or without intravenous (IV) contrast, to produce accurate cross-sectional virtual slices of specific areas of the heart, coronary circulation, and major blood vessels such as the aorta, pulmonary veins, and arteries. The computer processes these slices to generate three-dimensional images. Multidetector CT (MDCT) is a rapid form of CT scanning that captures multiple slices...
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Ultrasonography01:17

Ultrasonography

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Ultrasonography is an imaging technique that uses high-frequency sound waves to visualize the body's internal structures. It is a non-invasive and safe procedure that does not involve the use of ionizing radiation, making it widely used in various medical fields. Ultrasonography is used to study heart function, blood flow in the neck or extremities, certain conditions such as gallbladder disease, and fetal growth and development.
During an ultrasonography procedure, a handheld device called...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 10, 2025

Echocardiographic Assessment Using Subxiphoid-Only Examination for Hypotensive Patients
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Optimizing contrast-enhanced echocardiography by employing a sonographer driven protocol.

Courtney R Usry1, Satoshi R Shin2,3, James K Aden4

  • 1Cardiology Service, William Beaumont Army Medical Center, 5005 N. Piedras Street, El Paso, TX, 79920, USA. Courtneyrwvr@gmail.com.

Journal of Echocardiography
|April 2, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Sonographers administering echocardiography contrast agents reduced study times by about 5 minutes. A sonographer-led protocol is more efficient, potentially offering economic benefits and improving echocardiogram quality.

Keywords:
Contrast echocardiographyLaboratory protocolsLeft ventricular functionSonographer

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Medical Imaging
  • Diagnostic Ultrasound

Background:

  • Echocardiography enhancing agents improve study quality.
  • Limited use of these agents is often due to institutional policies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate if sonographers placing IVs and administering contrast agents decreases transthoracic echocardiogram completion time.
  • Comparison of nurse-driven, mixed, and sonographer-driven protocols.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 232 outpatient transthoracic echocardiograms.
  • Three protocols: nurse-driven, mixed (nurse IV, sonographer agent), and sonographer-driven (IV and agent).

Main Results:

  • The mixed and sonographer-driven protocols showed significantly reduced study times compared to the nurse-driven protocol.
  • Average study times: Nurse-driven (54.6 min), Mixed (49.4 min), Sonographer-driven (50.3 min).
  • Sonographer performing the IV placement and agent administration did not significantly increase study duration.

Conclusions:

  • Sonographer administration of echocardiography contrast agents reduces study times by approximately 5 minutes.
  • A sonographer-driven protocol enhances efficiency and may provide economic advantages.