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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 10, 2025

Investigating the Deployment of Visual Attention Before Accurate and Averaging Saccades via Eye Tracking and Assessment of Visual Sensitivity
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Sensory Input Modulates Microsaccades during Heading Perception.

Milena Raffi1, Aurelio Trofè2, Monica Perazzolo1

  • 1Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy.

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
|April 3, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Microsaccade (small eye movements) characteristics change with optic flow and trial sequence. Standing, unlike sitting, alters microsaccade direction, suggesting proprioception influences heading perception.

Keywords:
eye movementseye positionoptic flowself-motion perceptionsensorimotor controlvisual perceptionvisual system

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Oculomotor Research
  • Perception

Background:

  • Microsaccades are crucial for visual processing during fixation.
  • During locomotion, gaze shifts and may not align with optic flow's focus of expansion.
  • Understanding microsaccade modulation during self-motion is vital for visual perception research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how eye position and optic flow stimuli affect microsaccadic activity.
  • To determine if proprioceptive input influences microsaccade characteristics during self-motion perception.

Main Methods:

  • Oculomotor activity was recorded in standing and sitting participants viewing simulated radial optic flow stimuli.
  • Stimuli simulated various heading directions and gaze positions across five trials per condition.
  • Microsaccade metrics (duration, peak velocity, rate, direction) were analyzed.

Main Results:

  • Microsaccade rate, peak velocity, and duration were significantly modulated by optic flow and trial sequence.
  • Microsaccade rate increased across trials (1-5) in all conditions.
  • Standing participants exhibited non-uniform microsaccade directions, uncorrelated with stimuli, unlike sitting participants.

Conclusions:

  • Proprioceptive signals during standing alter eye movement characteristics during heading perception.
  • Microsaccadic activity is sensitive to self-motion cues and body posture.
  • Findings highlight the interplay between visual, proprioceptive, and oculomotor systems in spatial orientation.