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Related Experiment Video

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High-throughput Detection Method for Influenza Virus
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Improved Influenza Diagnostics through Thermal Contrast Amplification.

Yilin Liu1, Li Zhan1, Yiru Wang1

  • 1Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.

Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland)
|April 3, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Thermal contrast amplification (TCA) significantly improves the sensitivity of rapid influenza diagnostic tests (RIDTs) for detecting influenza A and B. This method enhances diagnostic accuracy, especially for low viral concentrations, offering a promising approach for infectious disease detection.

Keywords:
influenzapoint-of-carerapid diagnostic testthermal contrast amplification

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Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Diagnostic Technologies
  • Medical Diagnostics

Background:

  • Influenza presents a significant global health and economic challenge.
  • Accurate influenza diagnosis is crucial for effective patient treatment and public health outbreak control.
  • Current rapid influenza diagnostic tests (RIDTs) have limitations in sensitivity, particularly with low viral loads.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the effectiveness of thermal contrast amplification (TCA) in enhancing the sensitivity of commercial RIDTs for influenza A and B detection.
  • To compare the diagnostic performance of TCA-enhanced RIDTs with standard visual readout RIDTs and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) confirmation.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective cohort study involving 345 clinical specimens during the 2017-2018 influenza season.
  • Testing using a commercial RIDT (Quidel QuickVue Influenza A + B), followed by TCA readout.
  • Confirmatory testing using polymerase chain reaction (PCR).

Main Results:

  • TCA reading improved influenza sensitivity by 53% for influenza A and 33% for influenza B compared to visual RIDT readings.
  • While specificity saw a minor decrease, overall performance, measured by receiver operating characteristic plots and F1 scores, was superior with TCA.
  • Applying TCA to wet RIDTs further boosted performance, increasing the F1 score by 48%.

Conclusions:

  • Thermal contrast amplification is a simple and effective method to enhance the diagnostic performance of commercial RIDTs for influenza.
  • TCA shows particular promise for improving the detection of infectious diseases with low analyte concentrations.
  • This technique offers a valuable strategy to improve the accuracy and utility of rapid diagnostic tests in clinical settings.