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Updated: Nov 10, 2025

Receptor Autoradiography Protocol for the Localized Visualization of Angiotensin II Receptors
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Kinins and Kinin Receptors in Cardiovascular and Renal Diseases

Jean-Pierre Girolami1,2, Nadine Bouby1,3,4, Christine Richer-Giudicelli1,3,4

  • 1INSERM U1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, 75006 Paris, France.

Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland)
|April 3, 2021
PubMed

Insights

The kallikrein-kinin system impacts cardiovascular and kidney health, particularly in ischemic and diabetic diseases. Targeting its components, like kinin receptors B1 (B1R) and B2 (B2R), offers therapeutic potential but also presents limitations.

Area of Science:

  • Physiology
  • Pharmacology
  • Pathophysiology

Background:

  • The kallikrein-kinin system (KKS) plays a crucial role in regulating vascular, cardiac, and renal functions.
  • Dysregulation of the KKS is implicated in various cardiovascular and kidney diseases, including ischemic and diabetic conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the physiological functions of the KKS in the cardiovascular system and kidneys.
  • To explore the consequences of KKS activation in disease states.
  • To discuss the therapeutic potential and limitations of targeting KKS components, particularly kinin receptors B1 (B1R) and B2 (B2R).

Main Methods:

  • Review of pharmacological and genetic studies.
  • Analysis of research on kallikrein, ACE/kininase II, B1R, and B2R.
  • Discussion based on recent clinical and experimental findings.

Main Results:

  • The KKS influences arterial, cardiac, and renal physiology.
  • KKS components are implicated in the pathogenesis of ischemic and diabetic diseases.
  • Pharmacological manipulation of B1R and B2R shows therapeutic promise but requires careful consideration of limitations.

Conclusions:

  • Targeting the KKS, especially B1R and B2R, presents a potential therapeutic strategy for cardiovascular and renal diseases.
  • Further research is needed to optimize the activation or inhibition of B1R and B2R for clinical application.
  • Understanding the complex roles of the KKS is vital for developing effective treatments.

Keywords:
angiotensin-converting enzyme/kininaseIIarteriesdiabetesheartischemic heart diseasekallikreinkidneykinin receptorskinins

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