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Related Concept Videos

Temperature Measurement Sites01:14

Temperature Measurement Sites

2.6K
A thermometer measures body temperature. The common sites for measuring body temperature are the oral cavity, axillary region, temporal artery, and skin surface, such as the forehead, abdomen, and axilla. True core body temperature is assessed in the rectum, tympanic membrane, pulmonary artery, esophagus, and urinary bladder.
Oral: When assessing oral temperature, the thermometer tip should be placed under the tongue in the posterior sublingual pocket. It offers accurate readings and can be...
2.6K
Assessing Body Temperature - Rectal01:27

Assessing Body Temperature - Rectal

8.4K
Rectal temperature measurement is considered the most precise method for assessing core body temperature and typically registers higher than oral temperature. For adults, the rectal thermometer should be inserted 1 to 1.5 inches into the rectum to obtain the most accurate reading.
Follow these steps for rectal temperature assessment:
Step 1: Perform hand hygiene and don clean gloves to prevent cross-infection.
Step 2: Position the patient in a side-lying position to better visualize the rectal...
8.4K
Assessing Body Temperature - Axilla01:14

Assessing Body Temperature - Axilla

888
Procedural Guide for Assessing Axillary Body Temperature using a Digital Thermometer:
Step 1: Perform hand hygiene and put on clean gloves to maintain infection control and prevent cross-contamination.
Step 2: Prepare the patient by explaining the procedure to ensure understanding and cooperation. Ensure privacy, expose the axilla, and inform the patient that minimal movement is crucial for an accurate reading.
Step 3: Adjust the patient’s clothing to expose only the axilla. It minimizes...
888
Assessing Body Temperature - Oral01:14

Assessing Body Temperature - Oral

1.0K
Here are the steps to accurately measure oral temperature using an electronic thermometer:
Step 1:
Start by practicing proper hand hygiene to prevent the spread of microorganisms.
Step 2:
Take the thermometer out of the charging unit, switch it on, and wait for the ready sign.
Step 3:
Gently slide the probe cover until a click is heard. This simple action prevents cross-contamination and ensures the correct placement of the probe cover.
Step 4:
Instruct the patient to open their mouth and place...
1.0K
Assessing Body Temperature - Tympanic membrane01:14

Assessing Body Temperature - Tympanic membrane

888
Assessing tympanic membrane temperature involves using a tympanic membrane thermometer (TMT). Here is a step-by-step guide:
Step 1: Begin by practicing good hand hygiene to prevent the transmission of microorganisms.
Step 2: Turn on the thermometer and wait until the ready sign appears on the screen to ensure accurate measurement.
Step 3: Slide the probe cover in place to prevent cross-contamination.
Step 4: Instruct the patient to tilt their head to the side for comfort and check for cerumen...
888
Assessing Body Temperature - Temporal Artery01:19

Assessing Body Temperature - Temporal Artery

791
Here is a stepwise guide to assessing the body temperature at the temporal artery using a temporal artery thermometer
Step 1: Perform hand hygiene and don a fresh pair of gloves to prevent cross-infection and ensure patient safety.
Step 2: Explain the procedure to the patient to establish trust. Clear communication establishes trust with the patient, ensures they understand what to expect, promotes cooperation, and enhances comfort during the procedure.  
Step 3: Assess the patient's...
791

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Smart Patch for Skin Temperature: Preliminary Study to Evaluate Psychometrics and Feasibility.

Heejung Kim1,2, Sunkook Kim3, Mingoo Lee4

  • 1College of Nursing, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|April 3, 2021
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Summary

This study assessed a smart patch for continuous body temperature monitoring in adults. The wearable sensor showed moderate correlation and high usability, indicating potential for non-febrile condition monitoring.

Keywords:
body temperaturefeasibility studyremote sensing technology

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Wearable Technology
  • Health Monitoring

Background:

  • Continuous, non-invasive biological data monitoring is crucial for health assessment.
  • Existing smart patches for temperature monitoring lack extensive real-world feasibility and psychometric evaluation.
  • Wearable sensors offer a promising avenue for continuous physiological data collection.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the reliability, validity, and usability of a novel smart patch for measuring body temperature in healthy adults.
  • To assess the feasibility of using smart patches for continuous temperature monitoring in real-life scenarios.
  • To determine the correlation and agreement between smart patch temperature readings and a gold standard infrared thermometer.

Main Methods:

  • A feasibility study involving 35 healthy adults wearing smart patches on their upper chest for 24 hours.
  • Comparison of smart patch temperature data with measurements from infrared forehead thermometers (gold standard) taken six times daily.
  • Statistical analyses included descriptive statistics, t-tests, Pearson's correlation coefficients, Bland-Altman plots, and qualitative content analysis.

Main Results:

  • A dropout rate of 17.14% was observed, with 29 participants completing over 19 hours of monitoring.
  • Moderate correlations (r = 0.23-0.43) were found between smart patch and infrared thermometer measurements.
  • Approximately 94% of smart patch measurements fell within one standard deviation on the Bland-Altman plot, indicating good agreement, with most outliers occurring early.

Conclusions:

  • Epidermal electronic sensor technologies, like the studied smart patch, show promise for continuous body temperature monitoring in real-world settings.
  • The smart patch demonstrated high usability and participant satisfaction, despite minor discomfort reported by some.
  • Findings suggest the smart patch is suitable for monitoring non-febrile conditions within a community setting.