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Factors Affecting Workability01:24

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The workability of concrete is a critical characteristic that influences the ease of mixing, handling, and finishing the concrete. It is affected by several factors including water content, aggregate properties, and admixtures like air entrainment. Water plays a fundamental role as it lubricates the concrete mix, facilitating easier movement and placement. However, the water requirement varies depending on the texture and shape of aggregates. Finer particles and angular, rough-textured...
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The workability of concrete is a crucial property that affects its handling, placing, and finishing during construction. It describes the ease with which concrete can be mixed, placed, compacted, and finished. Workability is primarily concerned with the concrete's movement and its ability to resist internal friction and external resistance from molds and reinforcements during the application process.
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Work Flexibility and Work-Related Well-Being.

Tapas K Ray1, Regina Pana-Cryan1

  • 1Economic Research and Support Office (ERSO), National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), 1150 Tusculum Avenue, C-24, Cincinnati, OH 45226, USA.

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
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PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Work flexibility, like working from home or adjusting schedules, significantly impacts worker well-being. Specific flexible work arrangements show varied effects on job stress and satisfaction.

Keywords:
compensation and benefitsdemographic shiftsfuture of workhealthy work design and well-beingoccupational stresswork arrangementswork organization

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Area of Science:

  • Occupational Health
  • Sociology of Work
  • Psychology

Background:

  • Work organization is evolving, with work flexibility practices becoming increasingly prevalent.
  • Understanding the impact of work flexibility on employee well-being is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the prevalence of work flexibility in the United States.
  • To examine the association between different types of work flexibility and worker well-being outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized data from the General Social Survey-Quality of Worklife (GSS-QWL) spanning 2002-2018.
  • Employed descriptive statistics and regression analyses to evaluate well-being indicators.
  • Focused on job stress, job satisfaction, healthy days, and activity limitations.

Main Results:

  • Work flexibility prevalence remained stable from 2002 to 2018.
  • Working at home was linked to a 22% increase in job stress and a 65% increase in job satisfaction.
  • Taking time off reduced job stress by 56% and activity limitations by 24%, while doubling job satisfaction.
  • Schedule changes decreased job stress by 20% and increased job satisfaction by 62%.

Conclusions:

  • Work flexibility is a significant factor influencing various aspects of worker well-being.
  • Different forms of work flexibility have distinct effects on job stress and satisfaction.
  • The findings underscore the continued importance of flexible work arrangements for employee health and job contentment.