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Related Concept Videos

Radiation: Applications01:17

Radiation: Applications

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The average temperature of Earth is the subject of much current discussion. Earth is in radiative contact with both the Sun and dark space; it receives almost all its energy from the radiation of the Sun and reflects some of it into outer space. Dark space is very cold, about 3 K, so Earth radiates energy into it. For instance, heat transfer occurs from soil and grasses, the rate of which can be so rapid that frost can occur on clear summer evenings, even in warm latitudes.
The average...
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X-ray Imaging01:24

X-ray Imaging

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German physicist Wilhelm Röntgen (1845–1923) was experimenting with electrical current when he discovered that a mysterious and invisible "ray" would pass through his flesh but leave an outline of his bones on a screen coated with a metal compound. In 1895, Röntgen made the first durable record of the internal parts of a living human: an "X-ray" image (as it came to be called) of his wife’s hand. Scientists worldwide quickly began their own experiments with...
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Isotopes and Radioisotopes01:28

Isotopes and Radioisotopes

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In the early 1900s, English chemist Frederick Soddy realized that an element could have atoms with different masses that were chemically indistinguishable. These different types are called isotopes — atoms of the same element that differ in mass. Isotopes differ in mass because they have different numbers of neutrons but are chemically identical because they have the same number of protons. Soddy was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1921 for this discovery.
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Biological Effects of Radiation02:59

Biological Effects of Radiation

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All radioactive nuclides emit high-energy particles or electromagnetic waves. When this radiation encounters living cells, it can cause heating, break chemical bonds, or ionize molecules. The most serious biological damage results when these radioactive emissions fragment or ionize molecules. For example, α and β particles emitted from nuclear decay reactions possess much higher energies than ordinary chemical bond energies. When these particles strike and penetrate matter, they...
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Absorption of Radiation01:05

Absorption of Radiation

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The rate of heat transfer by emitted radiation is described by the Stefan-Boltzmann law of radiation:
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Types of Radioactivity03:23

Types of Radioactivity

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The most common types of radioactivity are α decay, β decay, γ decay, neutron emission, and electron capture.
Alpha (α) decay is the emission of an α particle from the nucleus. For example, polonium-210 undergoes α decay:
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 10, 2025

Functional Interrogation of Adult Hypothalamic Neurogenesis with Focal Radiological Inhibition
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New Discoveries in Radiation Science.

Géza Sáfrány1, Katalin Lumniczky1, Lorenzo Manti2

  • 1Department Radiobiology and Radiohygiene, National Public Health Center, 1221 Budapest, Hungary.

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Summary

This collection presents 16 articles on radiation research from leading scientists. It covers original research and reviews from the European Radiation Research Society Congress.

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Area of Science:

  • Radiation Biology
  • Radiation Chemistry
  • Radiation Physics

Background:

  • The 44th Congress of the European Radiation Research Society convened leading international scientists.
  • This series comprises 8 original research articles and 8 review articles.

Discussion:

  • The congress served as a platform for disseminating cutting-edge findings in radiation science.
  • Articles cover diverse topics within the scope of radiation research.

Key Insights:

  • The collection offers a comprehensive overview of current advancements in the field.
  • Expert insights are provided through both novel research and critical reviews.

Outlook:

  • Future research directions in radiation biology, chemistry, and physics are highlighted.
  • The series aims to stimulate further investigation and collaboration in radiation science.