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Association between Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms and Weight Reduction in Behavioural Interventions-A Pooled

Christina Holzapfel1, Sabine Sag2, Johanna Graf-Schindler1

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Summary

This study found that specific single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the MC4R gene were linked to greater weight loss in individuals undergoing behavioral intervention. However, other tested SNPs and a genetic predisposition score did not show significant associations with weight management outcomes.

Keywords:
SNPgenetic variantgenotypeweight lossweight loss program

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Area of Science:

  • Genetics and Obesity Research
  • Behavioral Intervention and Weight Management

Background:

  • Limited understanding of the relationship between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and weight loss success.
  • Obesity is a complex condition influenced by genetic and environmental factors, necessitating investigation into genetic predispositions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between selected obesity-associated SNPs in key genes (FTO, TMEM18, MC4R, SEC16B, BDNF) and anthropometric changes during a behavioral weight loss intervention.
  • To determine if a genetic predisposition score (GPS) influences weight loss outcomes in individuals with overweight and obesity.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of genetic and anthropometric data from 576 participants in four lifestyle intervention programs.
  • Calculation of a genetic predisposition score (GPS) based on selected SNPs.
  • Statistical analysis to assess the association between SNPs, GPS, and changes in body weight and BMI over 12 months.

Main Results:

  • Participants had a mean age of 48.2 years and a baseline BMI of 33.9 kg/m²; mean weight reduction was -7.7 kg after 12 months.
  • Specific MC4R SNPs (rs571312 and rs17782313) were significantly associated with greater reductions in body weight and BMI (p=0.012, p=0.011).
  • No statistically significant associations were found for SNPs in FTO, TMEM18, SEC16B, BDNF, or the overall GPS with anthropometric changes.

Conclusions:

  • While certain MC4R SNPs may influence weight loss response to behavioral interventions, there is no consistent evidence for significant associations of the investigated SNPs or GPS with anthropometric changes.
  • The findings suggest that factors beyond the studied genetic variations play a more significant role in weight management during behavioral interventions.