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Crosstalk among Calcium ATPases: PMCA, SERCA and SPCA in Mental Diseases

Tomasz Boczek1, Marta Sobolczyk1, Joanna Mackiewicz1

  • 1Department of Molecular Neurochemistry, Medical University of Lodz, 92215 Lodz, Poland.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|April 3, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Calcium ATPases (PMCA, SERCA, SPCA) are crucial for neuronal function and preventing calcium dysregulation. This review examines their role in neuropathology, particularly in mental diseases.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Molecular Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Calcium ions (Ca2+) are vital for neuronal processes like neurotransmitter release and apoptosis.
  • Dysregulated Ca2+ signaling can lead to molecular pathology and altered neuronal responses.
  • Neurons possess sophisticated mechanisms, including Ca2+-ATPases, to maintain tightly regulated intracellular Ca2+ levels.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the contribution of three key Ca2+-ATPases (PMCA, SERCA, SPCA) to neuropathology.
  • To highlight the specific involvement of these ATPases in mental diseases.
  • To emphasize the tissue-specific functions and calmodulin regulation of Ca2+-ATPases.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of existing studies on Ca2+-ATPases and neuropathology.
  • Analysis of the roles of PMCA, SERCA, and SPCA in neuronal calcium homeostasis.
  • Focus on the implications of Ca2+-ATPase dysfunction in mental health disorders.

Main Results:

  • Ca2+-ATPases (PMCA, SERCA, SPCA) are critical for preventing detrimental Ca2+ accumulation in neurons.
  • These ATPases exhibit tissue-specific functions and are regulated by calmodulin (CaM).
  • Alterations in Ca2+-ATPase activity are implicated in the molecular basis of various neuropathologies.

Conclusions:

  • Ca2+-ATPases play a significant role in maintaining neuronal health and preventing disease.
  • Understanding the specific roles of PMCA, SERCA, and SPCA in mental diseases is crucial for therapeutic development.
  • Further research into Ca2+-ATPase regulation and function can offer insights into neurological disorders.
Keywords:
calciumcalmodulinmental diseasesplasma membrane Ca2+-ATPasesarco/endoplasmic Ca2+-ATPasesecretory pathway Ca2+-ATPase

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