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Related Concept Videos

lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs02:39

lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs

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In humans, more than 80% of the genome gets transcribed. However, only around 2% of the genome codes for proteins. The remaining part produces non-coding RNAs which includes ribosomal RNAs, transfer RNAs, telomerase RNAs, and regulatory RNAs, among other types. A large number of regulatory non-coding RNAs have been classified into two groups depending upon their length – small non-coding RNAs, such as microRNA, which are less than 200 nucleotides in length, and long non-coding RNA...
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MicroRNAs01:22

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MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns (non-coding regions of a gene) or intergenic regions (stretches of DNA present between genes). Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself, forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA...
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MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After...
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siRNA - Small Interfering RNAs02:30

siRNA - Small Interfering RNAs

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Small interfering RNAs, or siRNAs, are short regulatory RNA molecules that can silence genes post-transcriptionally, as well as the transcriptional level in some cases. siRNAs are important for protecting cells against viral infections and silencing transposable genetic elements.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 10, 2025

Repression of Multiple Myeloma Cell Growth In Vivo by Single-wall Carbon Nanotube SWCNT-delivered MALAT1 Antisense Oligos
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Small Non-Coding-RNA in Gynecological Malignancies.

Shailendra Kumar Dhar Dwivedi1, Geeta Rao2, Anindya Dey1

  • 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA.

Cancers
|April 3, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Small non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are crucial in gynecologic cancers like ovarian, endometrial, and cervical cancer. These ncRNAs show promise as biomarkers for diagnosis, prognosis, and guiding therapy choices.

Keywords:
P-Element induced wimpy testis interacting (PIWI) RNAs (piRNAs)cervical cancerendometrial cancergynecological malignanciesmicroRNAs (miRs)ovarian cancersmall non-coding-RNAtRNA-derived small RNAs

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Gynecologic malignancies, including ovarian, endometrial, and cervical cancers, are major causes of female mortality.
  • Current cancer research primarily focuses on protein-coding genes, leaving the role of noncoding RNA largely unexplored.
  • Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) play vital structural and regulatory roles, significantly impacting our understanding of disease.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role of small non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) in gynecologic malignancies.
  • To highlight the potential of ncRNAs as biomarkers for diagnosis, prognosis, and therapeutic guidance.
  • To focus on microRNAs (miRs), PIWI RNAs (piRNAs), and tRNA-derived small RNAs in ovarian, endometrial, and cervical cancers.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and synthesis of current research on ncRNAs in gynecologic cancers.
  • Focus on small ncRNAs including miRs, piRNAs, and tRNA-derived small RNAs.
  • Emphasis on their roles in ovarian, endometrial, and cervical cancer pathology and clinical applications.

Main Results:

  • ncRNAs are increasingly recognized for their significant roles in the development and progression of gynecologic malignancies.
  • These molecules are relatively stable and have demonstrated potential as reliable biomarkers.
  • Specific types of small ncRNAs, including miRs, piRNAs, and tRNA-derived RNAs, are implicated in these cancers.

Conclusions:

  • Small ncRNAs are critical players in gynecologic cancers and represent a largely untapped area of research.
  • ncRNAs hold significant promise as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers.
  • Further investigation into ncRNAs may lead to novel therapeutic strategies for ovarian, endometrial, and cervical cancers.