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Postproduction Processing of Electrospun Fibres for Tissue Engineering
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Collagen-Based Electrospun Materials for Tissue Engineering: A Systematic Review.

Britani N Blackstone1, Summer C Gallentine2, Heather M Powell1,2,3

  • 1Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.

Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland)
|April 3, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Electrospun collagen scaffolds offer versatile tissue engineering solutions. Their properties, including D-banding, depend on collagen source, solvent, and crosslinking, impacting degradation, strength, and cytotoxicity.

Keywords:
collagenelectrospinningtissue engineering

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Tissue Engineering
  • Extracellular Matrix Research

Background:

  • Collagen is a vital extracellular matrix (ECM) component essential for numerous tissue engineering applications.
  • Electrospinning collagen allows for the creation of scaffolds with tunable shapes, fiber diameters, and porosities mimicking native ECM.
  • Understanding the influence of processing parameters on collagen scaffold properties is crucial for successful tissue regeneration.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review and synthesize data on electrospun collagen scaffolds for tissue engineering.
  • To investigate the relationship between collagen source material, solvent, crosslinking methods, and resulting scaffold characteristics.
  • To provide insights into the functional outcomes of electrospun collagen scaffolds in vitro and in vivo.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature review of manuscripts detailing electrospun collagen and tissue engineering.
  • Analysis of data concerning collagen source (e.g., Type I from calfskin), solvent, and solubilization times.
  • Evaluation of various physical and chemical crosslinking techniques and their impact on scaffold properties.
  • Assessment of cytotoxicity related to crosslinking agent concentration and rinsing protocols.

Main Results:

  • D-banding was frequently observed in electrospun collagen Type I derived from calfskin, particularly with short solubilization times.
  • All tested physical and chemical crosslinking methods enhanced scaffold degradation resistance and mechanical strength.
  • High concentrations of crosslinking agents and insufficient rinsing led to observed cytotoxicity.
  • Collagen-based scaffolds demonstrated efficacy in forming engineered tissues in vitro and in vivo, closely resembling native structures.

Conclusions:

  • Electrospun collagen scaffolds are promising for tissue engineering, with processing parameters significantly influencing their properties.
  • Crosslinking is essential for improving scaffold mechanical integrity and durability, but careful optimization is needed to avoid cytotoxicity.
  • The source of collagen and processing conditions play critical roles in achieving desired scaffold characteristics for successful tissue regeneration.