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Updated: Nov 10, 2025

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The Entire Intestinal Tract Surveillance Using Capsule Endoscopy after Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Administration: A

Keitaro Shimozaki1, Kenro Hirata1, Sara Horie1

  • 1Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan.

Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland)
|April 3, 2021
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Capsule endoscopy effectively screens for immune checkpoint inhibitor-induced enterocolitis in cancer patients. This safe method aids early detection, crucial for managing this adverse event.

Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Oncology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) treat malignancies but can cause enterocolitis.
  • Early detection of ICI-induced enterocolitis is vital for patient management.
  • Clinical features of ICI-induced enterocolitis require further elucidation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate capsule endoscopy as a screening tool for ICI-induced enterocolitis.
  • To assess the utility of capsule endoscopy in detecting gastrointestinal abnormalities related to ICIs.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective, observational study at a single center.
  • 30 cancer patients receiving ICIs between April 2016 and July 2020 were enrolled.
  • Second-generation capsule endoscopy (CCE-2) was performed on day 60 post-ICI initiation.

Main Results:

  • 23 patients underwent CCE-2, with findings in 14 (60.8%) across the GI tract.
  • Two patients (8.7%) developed ICI-induced enterocolitis post-capsule endoscopy.
  • Patients with enterocolitis had higher Capsule Scoring of Ulcerative Colitis (p=0.0455).

Conclusions:

  • CCE-2 is a safe and effective method for screening the entire intestinal tract.
  • Capsule endoscopy facilitates early detection of ICI-induced enterocolitis.
  • This screening method supports timely management of ICI-related adverse events.
Keywords:
capsule endoscopyenterocolitisimmune checkpoint inhibitorsobservational studyprospective studies

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