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Isolation and Identification of Waterborne Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria and Molecular Characterization of their Antibiotic Resistance Genes
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Correlation between the Antibiotic Resistance Genes and Susceptibility to Antibiotics among the Carbapenem-Resistant

Salma M Abdelaziz1, Khaled M Aboshanab1, Ibrahim S Yahia2,3,4

  • 1Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Organization of African Unity St., Abbassia, Cairo 11566, Egypt.

Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland)
|April 3, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Antibiotic resistance genes correlate with susceptibility in carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative pathogens from Egyptian pneumonia patients. Key genes like blaNDM and efflux pumps AcrA and MexA are linked to resistance, guiding clinical antibiotic choices.

Area of Science:

  • Medical Microbiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Antimicrobial Resistance

Background:

  • Carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative pathogens (CRGNPs) pose a significant threat in healthcare settings.
  • Acute pneumonia is a common infection, and CRGNPs complicate treatment.
  • Understanding resistance mechanisms is crucial for effective antimicrobial stewardship.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the correlation between antibiotic resistance genes and antibiotic susceptibility in CRGNPs from pneumonia patients in Egypt.
  • To identify prevalent resistance genes and efflux pumps in *Klebsiella pneumoniae* and *Pseudomonas aeruginosa*.
  • To provide data for guiding healthcare practitioners in antibiotic prescription.

Main Methods:

  • Isolation and identification of Gram-negative pathogens from pneumonia patients.
  • Determination of antibiotic susceptibility profiles.
  • Detection of specific antibiotic resistance genes (e.g., *bla*NDM, *bla*OXA-48, *bla*VIM, *bla*SHV) and multidrug efflux pump genes (e.g., AcrA, MexA).
  • Statistical analysis to assess correlations between genes and resistance phenotypes.

Main Results:

  • 34 out of 194 isolates (18%) were multidrug-resistant and carbapenem-resistant.
  • *Klebsiella pneumoniae* MDR isolates showed high prevalence of *bla*NDM (64%), *bla*OXA-48 (50%), and *bla*VIM (18%).
  • Significant associations were found between efflux pump genes (AcrA, MexA) and specific antibiotic resistance patterns, as well as between *aac-6'-Ib* and resistance to certain antibiotic classes.

Conclusions:

  • Specific antibiotic resistance genes and multidrug efflux pumps are significantly associated with antibiotic resistance in CRGNPs causing pneumonia in Egypt.
  • *Klebsiella pneumoniae* and *Pseudomonas aeruginosa* harbor key resistance determinants, including carbapenemases and efflux pumps.
  • Findings support targeted antibiotic selection and underscore the need for ongoing surveillance of antimicrobial resistance.
Keywords:
ESBLEscherichia coliKlebsiella pneumoniaePseudomonas aeruginosacarbapenem resistancelower respiratory tract infections

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