Related Experiment Video
Updated: Nov 10, 2025
12:37
Phase Diagram Characterization Using Magnetic Beads as Liquid Carriers
Published on: September 4, 2015
12.7K
Physicochemical Characterization and Simulation of the Solid-Liquid Equilibrium Phase Diagram of Terpene-Based
Maha M Abdallah1,2, Simon Müller3, Andrés González de Castilla3
1iBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Apartado 12, 2781-901 Oeiras, Portugal.
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)
|April 3, 2021
Summary
This study characterizes terpene-based eutectic solvent systems, detailing their phase transitions and physical properties. Researchers compared experimental data with models, revealing deviations from ideality and analyzing chemical interactions.
Area of Science:
- Physical Chemistry
- Materials Science
- Supramolecular Chemistry
Background:
- Deep eutectic solvents (DES) offer tunable properties for various applications.
- Understanding the solid-liquid phase behavior of terpene-based DES is crucial for their effective utilization.
- Characterizing these systems aids in predicting and controlling their performance.
Purpose of the Study:
- To characterize terpene-based eutectic solvent systems, focusing on solid-liquid phase transitions.
- To experimentally measure physical properties and thermodynamic parameters.
- To compare experimental data with theoretical models (UNIFAC, COSMO RS) and analyze intermolecular interactions.
Main Methods:
- Experimental measurement of physical properties (density, surface tension, refractive index).
- Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA) for thermodynamic parameters.
- Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and 1H-Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) for chemical interactions.
Main Results:
- Physical properties were measured, and relative errors for density, surface tension, and refractive index were calculated.
- Thermodynamic parameters including degradation, glass transition, and crystallization temperatures were determined.
- Solid-liquid equilibrium phase diagrams were calculated, and deviations from ideality were observed and modeled for specific systems (e.g., Thymol:Borneol, Menthol:Borneol).
Conclusions:
- Experimental and modeling approaches provide insights into the phase behavior of terpene-based eutectic solvents.
- Deviations from ideality were observed, highlighting the importance of experimental validation.
- FTIR and NMR analyses confirmed intermolecular hydrogen bonding, contributing to the understanding of system stability and interactions.
Related Concept Videos
01:01Distillation: Vapor–Liquid Equilibria
3.8K
Distillation is a separation technique that takes advantage of the boiling point properties of disparate elements in a mixture. To perform distillation, we begin by heating a miscible mixture of two liquids with a significant difference in boiling points (at least 20°C). As the solution heats up and reaches the bubble point of the more volatile component, some molecules of the more volatile component transition into the gas phase and travel upward into the condenser, which is a glass tube...
3.8K
02:39Phase Diagrams
46.3K
A phase diagram combines plots of pressure versus temperature for the liquid-gas, solid-liquid, and solid-gas phase-transition equilibria of a substance. These diagrams indicate the physical states that exist under specific conditions of pressure and temperature and also provide the pressure dependence of the phase-transition temperatures (melting points, sublimation points, boiling points). Regions or areas labeled solid, liquid, and gas represent single phases, while lines or curves represent...
46.3K
02:24Ideal Solutions
21.5K
According to Raoult’s law, the partial vapor pressure of a solvent in a solution is equal or identical to the vapor pressure of the pure solvent multiplied by its mole fraction in the solution. However, Raoult's Law is only valid for ideal solutions. For a solution to be ideal, the solvent-solute interaction must be just as strong as a solvent-solvent or solute-solute interaction. This suggests that both the solute and the solvent would use the same amount of energy to escape to the...
21.5K
02:05Entropy and Solvation
7.8K
The process of surrounding a solute with solvent is called solvation. It involves evenly distributing the solute within the solvent. The rule of thumb for determining a solvent for a given compound is that like dissolves like. A good solvent has molecular characteristics similar to those of the compound to be dissolved. For example, polar solutions dissolve polar solutes, and apolar solvents dissolve apolar solutes. A polar solvent is a solvent that has a high dielectric constant (ϵ...
7.8K
01:10Recrystallization: Solid–Solution Equilibria
1.6K
Recrystallization is a purification technique used to separate impurities from solid compounds. In this technique, no chemical reactions occur. Instead, it exploits physical properties only, specifically, the solubility differences between the desired compound and impurities, either at a single temperature or at different temperatures, and under other selected conditions. The solid-solution equilibrium (solubility equilibrium) of each component in the solution represents a binary phase...
1.6K
01:19Phase Diagram
6.4K
The phase of a given substance depends on the pressure and temperature. Thus, plots of pressure versus temperature showing the phase in each region provide considerable insights into the thermal properties of substances. Such plots are known as phase diagrams. For instance, in the phase diagram for water (Figure 1), the solid curve boundaries between the phases indicate phase transitions (i.e., temperatures and pressures at which the phases coexist).
6.4K