Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Italy's Landmark Obesity Law: The Long Road from Science to Policy.

Obesity facts·2026
Same author

Self-Templated Highly Porous Gold Electrodes for Antibiofouling Electrochemical (Bio)Sensors.

Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland)·2026
Same author

Capturing metabolic syndrome: new thresholds for insulin resistance and novel body composition indices.

International journal of obesity (2005)·2026
Same author

Author's response to comment re. "Nutri-Score effectiveness at improving consumer nutrition literacy, food choices, health, and healthy eating pattern adherence: A systematic review".

Nutrition (Burbank, Los Angeles County, Calif.)·2025
Same author

Changes of in-vivo markers of platelet activation during the menstrual cycle in healthy pre-menopausal female individuals.

Communications medicine·2025
Same author

Effect of sitagliptin vs. placebo on bone mineralization in women with type 2 diabetes: the SLowDOWN (SitagLiptin in Diabetes for Osteoporosis in WomeN) randomized clinical trial.

BMC medicine·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 10, 2025

Analysis of Cardiac Chamber Development During Mouse Embryogenesis Using Whole Mount Epifluorescence
06:27

Analysis of Cardiac Chamber Development During Mouse Embryogenesis Using Whole Mount Epifluorescence

Published on: April 17, 2019

7.9K

Phosphodiesterases Expression during Murine Cardiac Development.

Thays Maria da Conceição Silva Carvalho1, Silvia Cardarelli1, Mauro Giorgi2

  • 1Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic and Orthopedic Sciences, Sapienza University, 00161 Rome, Italy.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|April 3, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Phosphodiesterases (PDEs) are crucial enzymes for heart development. This study reveals specific PDE isoforms are expressed and modulated during mouse embryonic heart formation, maintaining consistent enzymatic activity.

Keywords:
cyclic nucleotidesheart developmentphosphodiesterases

More Related Videos

Protein Isolation from the Developing Embryonic Mouse Heart Valve Region
06:55

Protein Isolation from the Developing Embryonic Mouse Heart Valve Region

Published on: September 23, 2014

9.6K
Analysis of Cardiomyocyte Development using Immunofluorescence in Embryonic Mouse Heart
10:56

Analysis of Cardiomyocyte Development using Immunofluorescence in Embryonic Mouse Heart

Published on: March 26, 2015

21.6K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Nov 10, 2025

Analysis of Cardiac Chamber Development During Mouse Embryogenesis Using Whole Mount Epifluorescence
06:27

Analysis of Cardiac Chamber Development During Mouse Embryogenesis Using Whole Mount Epifluorescence

Published on: April 17, 2019

7.9K
Protein Isolation from the Developing Embryonic Mouse Heart Valve Region
06:55

Protein Isolation from the Developing Embryonic Mouse Heart Valve Region

Published on: September 23, 2014

9.6K
Analysis of Cardiomyocyte Development using Immunofluorescence in Embryonic Mouse Heart
10:56

Analysis of Cardiomyocyte Development using Immunofluorescence in Embryonic Mouse Heart

Published on: March 26, 2015

21.6K

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Cardiovascular Biology
  • Enzymology

Background:

  • Cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases (PDEs) regulate intracellular cAMP and cGMP levels.
  • Emerging evidence highlights the role of PDEs in heart formation, but their developmental expression is poorly understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the expression patterns and enzymatic activity of PDEs during mouse cardiac development.
  • To identify specific PDE isoforms involved in embryonic and fetal heart formation.

Main Methods:

  • Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and Western blot analysis were used.
  • Expression and activity of PDEs were assessed in C57BL/6 mouse embryos from E14.5 to E18.5.

Main Results:

  • Seven PDE isoforms are expressed during mouse heart development.
  • PDE1C, PDE2A, PDE4D, PDE5A, and PDE8A expression is modulated between E14.5 and E18.5.
  • Total cAMP and cGMP hydrolytic activity remains constant, with PDE4 and PDE2A being major contributors to cAMP and cGMP hydrolysis, respectively.

Conclusions:

  • A subset of PDEs is expressed in the developing mouse heart.
  • Modulation of specific PDE isoforms helps maintain stable nucleotide phosphodiesterase activity during embryonic and fetal heart development.