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Comparing the Visual Perception According to the Performance Using the Eye-Tracking Technology in High-Fidelity
Issam Tanoubi1, Mathieu Tourangeau1, Komi Sodoké2
1Department of Anesthesiology, Faculty of Medicine, Montreal, Centre d'Apprentissage des Attitudes et Habiletés Cliniques (CAAHC), Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H1T 2M4, Canada.
Behavioral Sciences (Basel, Switzerland)
|April 3, 2021
Summary
Successful management of critical situations in medical simulations is linked to distinct visual attention patterns. Eye-tracking reveals that high-performing residents focus on monitors earlier and use critical equipment like pacing units more efficiently.
Area of Science:
- Medical Education
- Clinical Simulation
- Ophthalmology
Background:
- Eye-tracking technology was employed to analyze clinician visual perception during high-fidelity medical simulations.
- A hypothesis proposed that successful management of critical events would correlate with different visual focus patterns compared to unsuccessful attempts.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the relationship between visual attention patterns and clinical performance in emergency medicine residents during a simulated critical event.
- To determine if eye-tracking metrics can differentiate between successful and unsuccessful management of a patient in shock with atrioventricular block.
Main Methods:
- Eighteen first-year emergency medicine residents participated in a high-fidelity simulation of a patient in shock with third-degree atrioventricular block.
- Participants wore eye-tracking glasses, and their visual focus on predefined Areas of Interest (AOI), including the pacing unit and vital signs monitor, was recorded.
- Performance was assessed as pass or fail based on the correct use of the pacing unit; metrics included Total View Duration (TVD) and Time to First Fixation (TFF).
Main Results:
- Residents who succeeded in the scenario demonstrated significantly shorter Total View Duration (TVD) on the pacing unit AOI compared to those who failed (42 sec vs. 70 sec).
- Successful participants also exhibited shorter Time to First Fixation (TFF) on the ECG and vital signs monitor AOI (22 sec vs. 30 sec).
- Statistical analysis confirmed significant differences in visual attention patterns between successful and failed performance groups (p=0.0097 for pacing unit TVD, p=0.0182 for monitor TFF).
Conclusions:
- Gaze patterns in high-fidelity bradycardia simulations are connected to resident performance.
- Successful residents diagnosed earlier by looking at the monitor sooner and utilized the pacing unit more promptly.
- Eye-tracking technology offers a potential tool for assessing visual perception's role in clinical decision-making and performance.
