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Related Concept Videos

Drug Delivery: Miscellaneous Routes01:22

Drug Delivery: Miscellaneous Routes

591
Drug delivery methods like oral inhalation, nasal sprays, transdermal patches, eye drops, intravitreal injection,  and rectal administration provide localized effects with reduced toxicity.
Oral inhalation and nasal sprays swiftly transfer drugs across the respiratory epithelium's mucosal layer. Inhaled glucocorticoids and bronchodilators directly target lung conditions such as asthma, while fluticasone nasal spray mitigates allergic rhinitis.
Transdermal patches transport drugs...
591
Drug Delivery: Overview01:16

Drug Delivery: Overview

544
The selection of a drug's delivery route depends upon its physicochemical properties, including lipid or water solubility and ionization, as well as the therapeutic requirement, such as immediate or sustained effect. These routes can be divided into three primary categories: enteral, parenteral, and topical.
Enteral delivery involves administering drugs directly through swallowing, sublingual placement, or buccal application. Orally administered drugs predominantly navigate the...
544
Drug Delivery: Parenteral Route01:29

Drug Delivery: Parenteral Route

1.1K
The parenteral route is a critical method of drug administration. It delivers compounds directly into the systemic circulation and bypasses the gastrointestinal tract. This approach is particularly advantageous for drugs that exhibit poor absorption or instability when administered orally.
There are three primary parenteral routes: intravenous (IV), intramuscular (IM), and subcutaneous (SC). The IV route introduces the drug directly into the bloodstream, ensuring immediate action. The IM route...
1.1K
Drug Delivery: Enteral Route01:18

Drug Delivery: Enteral Route

1.1K
The enteral drug administration involves three primary routes: oral, sublingual, and buccal. Oral ingestion is the most prevalent, safe, economical, and convenient method for drug administration. However, it has certain drawbacks, including limited absorption due to the drug's low water solubility or poor membrane permeability, possible emesis from GI mucosa irritation, destruction of drugs by digestive enzymes or low gastric pH, and irregular absorption along with food or other drugs.
1.1K
Insulin Formulations: Types and Delivery01:27

Insulin Formulations: Types and Delivery

378
Insulin preparations are categorized by their duration of action into short-acting and long-acting types. Two strategies are used to modify insulin's absorption and pharmacokinetic profile: slowing the absorption post-subcutaneous injection, or altering human insulin's amino acid sequence or protein structure. These changes retain the insulin's ability to bind to the insulin receptor, but alter its behavior in solution or after injection.
Short-acting insulins are divided into...
378
Routes of Drug Administration: Overview01:22

Routes of Drug Administration: Overview

8.0K
Drug administration involves delivering drugs to the body through various routes, such as enteral, parenteral, and topical.
Enteral administration refers to drugs absorbed through the gastrointestinal tract. They can be swallowed (perorally), placed under the tongue (sublingually), or on the inner lining of the cheeks (buccally). Perorally administered drugs take time to be absorbed and have a slower onset of action. The rectal route is another form of enteral administration, which allows for...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 10, 2025

Targeted Plasma Membrane Delivery of a Hydrophobic Cargo Encapsulated in a Liquid Crystal Nanoparticle Carrier
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Controlled Delivery Formulations.

Marta Gonzalez-Alvarez1

  • 1Department of Engineering, Pharmaceutical Technology Area, Miguel Hernandez University, Elche. San Juan Campus, 03550 Alicante, Spain.

Pharmaceutics
|April 3, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Controlled release formulations offer significant advantages in drug delivery. These advanced systems enhance therapeutic efficacy and patient compliance by regulating medication release over time.

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Area of Science:

  • Pharmaceutical Sciences
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Controlled release (CR) formulations have garnered substantial interest in pharmaceutical research.
  • CR systems aim to optimize drug delivery by modulating release kinetics.

Discussion:

  • CR formulations offer improved therapeutic outcomes and patient adherence.
  • They enable precise control over drug release profiles, minimizing fluctuations.

Key Insights:

  • Advanced CR technologies are crucial for modern drug development.
  • Understanding release mechanisms is key to designing effective formulations.

Outlook:

  • Future research will focus on innovative CR materials and smart delivery systems.
  • Personalized medicine will benefit from tailored controlled release profiles.