Left Ventricular Rupture as a Complication of Anterior Wall Myocardial Infarction on Computed Tomography Angiography

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Paweł Gać1,2, Piotr Macek3, Andrzej Szczepański4

  • 1Centre for Diagnostic Imaging, 4th Military Hospital, Weigla 5, PL 50-981 Wroclaw, Poland.

Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland)
|April 3, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Left ventricular rupture is a rare mechanical complication of myocardial infarction. This case highlights the importance of considering this serious complication during acute coronary syndrome diagnosis and treatment.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Medical Imaging
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Mechanical complications of myocardial infarction (MI), including left ventricular (LV) free wall rupture, interventricular septal rupture, and acute mitral regurgitation, are infrequent but serious.
  • LV rupture occurs in approximately 2-4% of MI patients, often leading to significant morbidity and mortality.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present a case of an 85-year-old female patient experiencing an anterior wall MI complicated by LV rupture.
  • To illustrate the diagnostic imaging findings associated with this rare complication.

Main Methods:

  • Computed tomography angiography (CTA) was utilized to exclude aortic dissection as a cause of pericardial effusion.
  • Ventriculography was also performed to further assess cardiac function and identify structural abnormalities.

Main Results:

  • The case involved an elderly female patient with an anterior wall MI.
  • Diagnostic imaging, including CTA and ventriculography, revealed LV rupture.

Conclusions:

  • Left ventricular rupture is a critical mechanical complication of myocardial infarction that must be considered in the clinical management of acute coronary syndrome.
  • Prompt recognition and diagnostic imaging are crucial for timely intervention and improved patient outcomes.

Keywords:
computed tomography angiographyleft ventricular rupturemyocardial infarction

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