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Hyaluronidases in Human Diseases.

Aditya Kaul1,2, Walker D Short1,2, Xinyi Wang1,2

  • 1Laboratory for Regenerative Tissue Repair, Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|April 3, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Hyaluronidases (HYALs) regulate hyaluronic acid (HA) breakdown, influencing inflammation and fibrosis. This review explores HYALs roles in diseases and their therapeutic potential.

Keywords:
diseasehyaluronic acidhyaluronidasemolecular weight

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Molecular Biology
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Hyaluronic acid (HA) is increasingly recognized for its biological roles.
  • Hyaluronidases (HYALs) are key enzymes that degrade HA, influencing its molecular weight and biological activity.
  • HYALs 1 and 2 are the primary hyaluronidases in human somatic tissues.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the critical role of hyaluronidases (HYALs) in regulating hyaluronic acid (HA) metabolism.
  • To elucidate the involvement of HYALs in the pathogenesis of various human diseases.
  • To discuss the therapeutic potential of targeting HYALs in clinical settings.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on hyaluronidases (HYALs) and hyaluronic acid (HA) degradation.
  • Analysis of molecular mechanisms and pathways involving HYALs in disease development.
  • Synthesis of current and potential future therapeutic strategies targeting HYALs.

Main Results:

  • HYALs cleave high-molecular-weight HA into pro-inflammatory and pro-fibrotic oligosaccharides.
  • Dysregulation of HA degradation by HYALs contributes to the development and progression of diseases in skin, heart, and kidneys.
  • HYALs play a significant role in modulating inflammatory and fibrotic processes.

Conclusions:

  • Hyaluronidases (HYALs) are crucial regulators of hyaluronic acid (HA) catabolism with significant implications in human diseases.
  • Understanding HYALs' molecular mechanisms offers promising avenues for novel therapeutic interventions.
  • Targeting HYALs presents a potential strategy for treating inflammatory and fibrotic conditions.