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Updated: Nov 10, 2025

Prostate Organoid Cultures as Tools to Translate Genotypes and Mutational Profiles to Pharmacological Responses
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Published on: October 24, 2019

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Androgen Receptor-Dependent Mechanisms Mediating Drug Resistance in Prostate Cancer

Marzieh Ehsani1, Faith Oluwakemi David1, Aria Baniahmad1

  • 1Institute of Human Genetics, Jena University Hospital, Am Klinikum 1, 07740 Jena, Germany.

Cancers
|April 3, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Androgen receptor signaling drives prostate cancer (PCa) growth and resistance to therapy. This review discusses AR-dependent mechanisms underlying acquired and intrinsic resistance in PCa.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Cancer Research

Background:

  • Androgen receptor (AR) signaling is crucial for prostate cancer (PCa) progression.
  • Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is a primary treatment, but resistance develops, leading to castration-resistant PCa (CRPC).
  • Tumor heterogeneity and plasticity contribute to adaptive signaling and therapy resistance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review acquired and intrinsic AR-dependent mechanisms of drug resistance in prostate cancer.
  • To highlight the role of AR signaling reactivation in CRPC development.
  • To discuss pathways enabling PCa cells to overcome therapeutic interventions.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on AR signaling in prostate cancer.
  • Analysis of mechanisms driving therapy resistance in PCa.
  • Discussion of tumor evolution and adaptive signaling in response to treatment.

Main Results:

  • AR signaling reactivation is a key mediator of castration resistance.
  • Bypass mechanisms contribute to resistance against AR antagonists.
  • Therapy-resistant PCa exhibits increased aggressiveness and metastatic potential.

Conclusions:

  • Drug resistance remains a significant cause of PCa treatment failure and mortality.
  • Understanding AR-dependent resistance mechanisms is critical for developing effective therapies.
  • Targeting AR signaling pathways is essential for overcoming treatment resistance in advanced PCa.
Keywords:
AR antagonistsandrogen deprivation therapyandrogen receptorcastration resistant PCaprostate cancer

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