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Integrated early childhood development policy in Iran: a qualitative policy process analysis
Omolbanin Atashbahar1, Ali Akbari Sari2,3, Amirhossein Takian1,4,5
1Department of Health Management and Economics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Integrated early childhood development (IECD) policy requires better policymaking. Addressing challenges in agenda setting, formulation, implementation, and evaluation is crucial for child development and societal sustainability.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Developmental Psychology
- Policy Studies
Background:
- Integrated early childhood development (IECD) is vital for children's optimal development from conception to age eight.
- Effective policymaking is essential for successful IECD implementation.
- Understanding factors influencing IECD policy-making is critical.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify factors affecting IECD policy-making.
- To clarify how these factors influence decision-making and create challenges.
- To inform recommendations for improving IECD policies.
Main Methods:
- Qualitative study utilizing document analysis and semi-structured interviews.
- Conducted 40 interviews with policymakers and stakeholders in Tehran (2017-2018).
- Reviewed 62 national and 10 international documents; analyzed data using a deductive-inductive approach.
Main Results:
- Identified 13 themes and 29 subthemes across policy stages: agenda setting, formulation, implementation, and evaluation.
- Key challenges include conceptual ambiguity, intersectoral issues, and resource mobilization.
- Policy evaluation requires routine data systems and comprehensive indexes.
Conclusions:
- IECD is multidisciplinary and requires active governmental policymaker engagement.
- Non-integrated policymaking compromises child development and societal sustainability.
- Recommendations include reinforcing intersectoral collaboration and developing an inter-ministerial framework.
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