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A migrating cell changes its shape during the cyclic events of attachment and detachment from the substratum and repositions the cell organelles correspondingly. These complex events are orchestrated by the dynamic cytoskeletal network comprising actin filaments, intermediate filaments, and microtubules. Cytoskeletal crosstalk — the direct and indirect communication between the different components — is crucial for this coordination. Direct communication involves various linker...
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Cell migration is a process by which the cells move from one location to another, playing an essential role in embryological development, repair and regeneration, immune response, and metastasis. Cells migrate in response to chemical or mechanical signals generated by specific organs or tissues. The overall mechanism includes three steps - polarization, protrusion, and release. Polarization involves the formation of a distinct cell front and rear, which determines the direction of movement.
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Updated: Nov 10, 2025

Concentric Gel System to Study the Biophysical Role of Matrix Microenvironment on 3D Cell Migration
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Extracellular vesicles: Critical players during cell migration.

Bong Hwan Sung1, Carole A Parent2, Alissa M Weaver3

  • 1Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, 1161 Medical Center Dr, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.

Developmental Cell
|April 3, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are crucial for cell migration, influencing directional sensing, adhesion, and matrix degradation. This review explores their roles in development, disease, and imaging techniques for studying cell motility.

Keywords:
adhesioncell migrationcell motilitychemotaxisexosomesextracellular vesicleslive imagingmicrovesiclesmigrasomes

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Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Cell migration is fundamental for multicellular organism development, wound healing, immune response, and disease pathogenesis, including cancer metastasis.
  • Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are increasingly recognized for their significant roles in intercellular communication and biological processes.
  • Understanding the mechanisms of cell migration is critical for both developmental biology and disease treatment strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent research on the multifaceted functions of extracellular vesicles (EVs) in regulating cell migration.
  • To elucidate the specific roles of EVs in key aspects of cell motility, such as directional sensing, cell adhesion, and extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation.
  • To discuss the involvement of EVs in developmental processes and disease pathology, and to highlight the application of imaging tools in this field.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent studies on extracellular vesicles and cell migration.
  • Analysis of research focusing on EV-mediated regulation of directional sensing, cell adhesion, and ECM degradation.
  • Examination of studies investigating EV roles in development and disease, including imaging methodologies.

Main Results:

  • Extracellular vesicles (EVs) actively participate in various facets of cell motility, including guiding cell movement and modifying the cellular microenvironment.
  • EVs influence critical processes such as directional sensing, cell adhesion dynamics, and the degradation of the extracellular matrix (ECM).
  • The review highlights the involvement of EVs in both normal development and the progression of diseases like cancer metastasis.

Conclusions:

  • Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are pivotal regulators of cell migration, impacting multiple cellular behaviors essential for development and disease.
  • Further research utilizing advanced imaging tools is crucial for a comprehensive understanding of EV functions in cell motility.
  • Targeting EV-mediated pathways presents potential therapeutic strategies for diseases involving aberrant cell migration.