Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Oxygen Transport in the Blood01:27

Oxygen Transport in the Blood

4.7K
Hemoglobin (Hb) is a crucial molecule in the human body, consisting of four polypeptide chains, each bound to an iron-containing heme group. This unique structure enables hemoglobin to bind to oxygen, with each molecule capable of combining with four molecules of oxygen, leading to rapid and reversible oxygen loading. When fully loaded with oxygen, it is called oxyhemoglobin, while hemoglobin that has released oxygen is called reduced hemoglobin or deoxyhemoglobin. As hemoglobin binds oxygen,...
4.7K
Cell Specific Gene Expression01:58

Cell Specific Gene Expression

14.5K
Multicellular organisms contain a variety of structurally and functionally distinct cell types, but the DNA in all the cells originated from the same parent cells. The differences in the cells can be attributed to the differential gene expression. Liver cells, whose functions include detoxification of blood, production of bile to metabolize fats, and synthesis of proteins essential for metabolism, must express a specific set of genes to perform their functions. Gene expression also varies with...
14.5K
Effect of Hepatic Disease on Pharmacokinetics: Pathophysiologic Assessment and Liver Function Test01:22

Effect of Hepatic Disease on Pharmacokinetics: Pathophysiologic Assessment and Liver Function Test

54
In clinical practice, the direct measurement of hepatic blood flow to evaluate liver function presents significant challenges due to the intricate and specialized nature of the necessary techniques. Consequently, healthcare professionals often rely on empirical estimates derived from thorough patient examinations and liver function tests to gauge liver health. Among the tools at their disposal, the Child–Pugh and MELD scoring systems stand out for their ability to categorize and assess...
54
Effect of Hepatic Disease on Pharmacokinetics: Drug Dosing and Hepatic Blood Flow01:26

Effect of Hepatic Disease on Pharmacokinetics: Drug Dosing and Hepatic Blood Flow

85
Chronic liver disease significantly impacts drug metabolism due to alterations in hepatic blood flow and enzyme accessibility. This disruption affects the body's pharmacokinetics—the movement and processing of drugs within the system. Key enzymes crucial for metabolizing medications become less accessible, changing how drugs are processed and utilized. Furthermore, liver disease influences the synthesis of plasma proteins, such as albumin and globulins, which play critical roles in drug...
85

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Opportunities and challenges for analytical chemists: organ-on-chip devices as new approach methods (NAMs) for identifying potential toxins.

The Analyst·2026
Same author

Syngas Production at Si Hybrid Photoelectrodes Modified with Re(I) and Mn(I) Tricarbonyl Phenanthroline Complexes Containing Reactive Aryl Azide Groups.

ACS applied materials & interfaces·2026
Same author

Potential-Controlled Deposition of Multilayer CO<sub>2</sub> Reduction Catalyst Films onto Silicon Photoelectrodes Demonstrates Thickness-Dependent Catalytic Rates.

ACS applied materials & interfaces·2025
Same author

Immobilizing a Lehn-Type Catalyst with Nitrocyclocondensation Chemistries: CO<sub>2</sub> Reduction on Silicon Hybrid Photoelectrodes.

ACS applied materials & interfaces·2025
Same author

An analytical screening platform to differentiate acute and prolonged exposures of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances on invasive cellular phenotypes.

Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology·2025
Same author

Electron Inversion and Tunneling at Silicon Thermal Oxide Interfaces for Solar-Driven Molecular Catalysis to Syngas.

Journal of the American Chemical Society·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 10, 2025

Visualization and Analysis of Blood Flow and Oxygen Consumption in Hepatic Microcirculation: Application to an Acute Hepatitis Model
10:40

Visualization and Analysis of Blood Flow and Oxygen Consumption in Hepatic Microcirculation: Application to an Acute Hepatitis Model

Published on: August 4, 2012

12.9K

Physiologically relevant oxygen tensions differentially regulate hepatotoxic responses in HepG2 cells.

Thomas J DiProspero1, Erin Dalrymple1, Matthew R Lockett2

  • 1Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Kenan and Caudill Laboratories, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3290, United States of America.

Toxicology in Vitro : an International Journal Published in Association with BIBRA
|April 3, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Physiologically relevant oxygen levels and 3D cultures significantly alter HepG2 cell responses to drugs, improving prediction of drug toxicity and efficacy. This 3D paper-based platform offers a better model for liver cell studies.

Keywords:
3D-cultureAcetaminophenHepatotoxicityLiver tissue modelsOxygen

More Related Videos

Analysis of Cap-binding Proteins in Human Cells Exposed to Physiological Oxygen Conditions
10:40

Analysis of Cap-binding Proteins in Human Cells Exposed to Physiological Oxygen Conditions

Published on: December 28, 2016

8.0K
Protocol for Isolation of Primary Human Hepatocytes and Corresponding Major Populations of Non-parenchymal Liver Cells
08:47

Protocol for Isolation of Primary Human Hepatocytes and Corresponding Major Populations of Non-parenchymal Liver Cells

Published on: March 30, 2016

38.2K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Nov 10, 2025

Visualization and Analysis of Blood Flow and Oxygen Consumption in Hepatic Microcirculation: Application to an Acute Hepatitis Model
10:40

Visualization and Analysis of Blood Flow and Oxygen Consumption in Hepatic Microcirculation: Application to an Acute Hepatitis Model

Published on: August 4, 2012

12.9K
Analysis of Cap-binding Proteins in Human Cells Exposed to Physiological Oxygen Conditions
10:40

Analysis of Cap-binding Proteins in Human Cells Exposed to Physiological Oxygen Conditions

Published on: December 28, 2016

8.0K
Protocol for Isolation of Primary Human Hepatocytes and Corresponding Major Populations of Non-parenchymal Liver Cells
08:47

Protocol for Isolation of Primary Human Hepatocytes and Corresponding Major Populations of Non-parenchymal Liver Cells

Published on: March 30, 2016

38.2K

Area of Science:

  • Hepatocyte cell biology
  • Drug metabolism and toxicology
  • Biomaterials and tissue engineering

Background:

  • Standard cell culture conditions (20% O2) do not reflect physiological oxygen levels in the liver.
  • HepG2 cells are a common model for studying liver function and drug responses.
  • Understanding microenvironmental influences is crucial for accurate in vitro drug testing.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the impact of physiologically relevant oxygen tensions (3% and 8% O2) on HepG2 cell responses.
  • To compare drug responses in 2D and 3D culture formats under varying oxygen tensions.
  • To assess the utility of a 3D paper-based culture platform for liver cell studies.

Main Methods:

  • HepG2 cells were cultured in 2D monolayers and a 3D paper-based platform.
  • Cells were exposed to varying oxygen tensions (3%, 8%, 20% O2) for 48 hours.
  • Transcriptional regulation and CYP1A activity were measured in response to inducers and hepatotoxic drugs.

Main Results:

  • Drug toxicity, potency, and mechanisms of action varied significantly with culture format and oxygen tension.
  • HepG2 cells in 3D cultures at physiological oxygen tensions better mimicked primary human hepatocyte responses.
  • While oxygen altered gene regulation, typical in vivo liver zonation patterns of drug-metabolizing enzymes were not observed.

Conclusions:

  • Oxygen tension is a critical regulator of liver cell function and drug response, but not the sole factor.
  • The 3D paper-based culture system under physiological oxygen provides a more relevant model for drug evaluation.
  • This platform facilitates mechanistic studies on microenvironmental impacts on cellular responses.