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Related Concept Videos

Bone Cells and Tissue01:30

Bone Cells and Tissue

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Bones contain a relatively small number of cells entrenched in a matrix of organic and inorganic components. Although bone cells compose only a small amount of the bone volume, they are crucial to its function. Four types of cells are found within the bone tissue— osteoblasts, osteocytes, osteogenic cells, and osteoclasts.
Osteoblasts and Osteocytes
The osteoblast is the bone cell responsible for forming new bone tissue. It is found in the growing portions of bone, including the...
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Compact Bone01:27

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Most bones contain compact and spongy osseous tissue, but their distribution and concentration vary based on the bone's overall function.
Compact bone, also called cortical bone, is the denser, stronger of the two types of bone tissue. It is found under the periosteum and in the diaphyses of long bones, where it provides support and protection. The microscopic structural unit of compact bone is called an osteon, or haversian system. Each osteon is composed of concentric rings of calcified...
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Bone Structure01:55

Bone Structure

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Within the skeletal system, the structure of a bone, or osseous tissue, can be exemplified in a long bone, like the femur, where there are two types of osseous tissue: cortical and cancellous.
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Bone as Supporting Connective Tissue01:23

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Bone tissue forms the internal skeleton of vertebrate animals, providing structure to the body.
Bone Matrix
Bone, or osseous tissue, is a connective tissue that has a large amount of two different types of matrix material. The organic matrix is similar to the matrix material found in other connective tissues, including some amount of collagen and elastic fibers. This gives strength and flexibility to the tissue. The inorganic matrix consists of mineral salts— mostly calcium salts—...
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Bone Formation by Endochondral Ossification01:24

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Bone formation, or ossification, begins around the sixth to seventh week of embryonic development. Most bones develop from a cartilaginous template through the process of endochondral ossification. Cartilage formation begins when clusters of mesenchymal cells differentiate into chondrocytes. These chondrocytes proliferate rapidly and secrete an extracellular matrix that becomes encased in a membrane called the perichondrium. The resulting cartilage model provides a template that resembles the...
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Spongy Bone01:09

Spongy Bone

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All bones comprise an outer layer of compact bone, and an interior made up of spongy bone tissue, also called cancellous or trabecular bone. In long bones, spongy bone tissue is mainly found in the interior of the epiphyses (broad ends of the bone).
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Updated: Nov 10, 2025

Three-Dimensional Bone Extracellular Matrix Model for Osteosarcoma
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Osteoid Tumors of Bone.

Behrang Amini1, Raul Fernando Valenzuela1, Justin E Bird2

  • 1Department of Musculoskeletal Imaging, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This review covers common bone-forming tumors like enostosis, osteoid osteoma, osteoblastoma, and osteosarcoma. It provides recent information on these frequently encountered bone lesions.

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedic Oncology
  • Skeletal Pathology

Background:

  • Bone-forming tumors represent a spectrum of neoplastic and non-neoplastic entities.
  • Commonly encountered lesions include enostosis, osteoid osteoma, osteoblastoma, and osteosarcoma.
  • These tumors are selected for their moderate frequency in clinical practice.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review key aspects of selected bone-forming tumors.
  • To consolidate recent advancements in understanding these lesions.
  • To provide a resource for clinicians and researchers.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of enostosis, osteoid osteoma, osteoblastoma, and osteosarcoma.
  • Inclusion of recent data and findings where applicable.
  • Synthesis of information on epidemiology, clinical presentation, imaging, and pathology.

Main Results:

  • Enostosis, osteoid osteoma, and osteoblastoma are generally benign or low-grade lesions.
  • Osteosarcoma represents a malignant bone-forming tumor with diverse subtypes.
  • Recent literature highlights evolving diagnostic criteria and treatment strategies.

Conclusions:

  • Accurate diagnosis of bone-forming tumors is crucial for appropriate management.
  • Understanding the nuances between benign and malignant entities is essential.
  • Continued research is vital for improving outcomes in patients with these bone tumors.