Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Nephrotic Syndrome II : Assessment and Medical Management01:26

Nephrotic Syndrome II : Assessment and Medical Management

61
IntroductionNephrotic syndrome is a kidney disorder marked by excessive protein loss in the urine, leading to various systemic complications. This condition often results from damage to the glomeruli—the kidney's filtering units—causing proteinuria, low blood protein levels, and fluid retention. Understanding the assessment, diagnosis, and management of nephrotic syndrome is essential for effective treatment and prevention of further kidney damage.AssessmentPatient History: Document...
61
Nephrotic Syndrome I : Introduction01:24

Nephrotic Syndrome I : Introduction

246
Nephrotic Syndrome is a chronic kidney disorder defined by clinical findings such as severe proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, hyperlipidemia, and edema. These symptoms result from damage to the glomeruli, the kidney’s filtering units, increasing their permeability to proteins.Definition and Meaning:Proteinuria, defined as the loss of more than 3.5 grams of protein per day in adults, is a crucial feature of nephrotic syndrome. This condition is often accompanied by edema, the accumulation of...
246
Overview of Protein Metabolism01:21

Overview of Protein Metabolism

2.7K
Proteins are broken down into amino acids during digestion. Unlike fats and carbohydrates, which are stored for later use, proteins are not. Instead, amino acids are either used to produce ATP through oxidation or contribute to the creation of new proteins for the growth and repair of the body. Any surplus amino acids from the diet are converted into glucose or triglycerides rather than excreted.
Amino acids play various roles in the body once they are absorbed into cells. They are restructured...
2.7K
Serum Studies: Renal Function Tests01:24

Serum Studies: Renal Function Tests

181
Renal function tests are crucial for assessing kidney health, monitoring disease progression, and evaluating the kidneys' efficiency in waste elimination, fluid balance, and electrolyte regulation. These tests offer critical insights into kidney function, even though routine measurements may appear normal until there is a significant decline in the glomerular filtration rate or GFR. Typically, signs of kidney impairment only become evident when the GFR falls to about 50% of its normal level.
181
Urine Studies I: Urinalysis01:29

Urine Studies I: Urinalysis

525
Urinalysis is a widely used diagnostic test that analyzes urine's physical, chemical, and microscopic characteristics. Healthcare providers use it to detect and monitor various health conditions, including renal disease, urinary tract infections (UTIs), diabetes, and metabolic or systemic disorders.Components of UrinalysisUrinalysis consists of three primary components: physical, chemical, and microscopic examination. Each provides unique insights into the urine sample and, by extension, the...
525
Chronic Kidney Disease I: Introduction01:25

Chronic Kidney Disease I: Introduction

333
Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) arises when the kidneys progressively lose their ability to function, ultimately leading to end-stage renal disease. At this advanced stage, the kidneys can no longer filter waste or maintain essential body functions, requiring renal replacement therapy (RRT) through dialysis or a kidney transplant for survival.Early-stage chronic kidney disease and detection challengesIn CKD's early stages, symptoms often remain absent because healthy nephrons compensate for...
333

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Effect of Intravenous Iron Dextran on Kidney Outcomes in Acute Kidney Injury with Iron Deficiency: A Randomized Trial.

Kidney360·2026
Same author

Treating Hepatorenal Syndrome in the Current Era.

Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN·2025
Same author

Excessive Ingestion of Almond Milk Causes Severe Hypercalcemia and Acute Kidney Injury in a Patient With Chronic Kidney Disease.

Ochsner journal·2025
Same author

The relationship between mean arterial pressure and terlipressin in hepatorenal syndrome-acute kidney injury reversal: A post hoc analysis.

Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.)·2025
Same author

Addition of a Loop Diuretic to Norepinephrine During Treatment of Hepatorenal Syndrome Type 1.

Kidney international reports·2025
Same author

Recovery from acute kidney injury treated with dialysis in patients with multiple myeloma treated with proteasome inhibitors.

Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 10, 2025

Analyses of Proteinuria, Renal Infiltration of Leukocytes, and Renal Deposition of Proteins in Lupus-prone MRL/lpr Mice
09:43

Analyses of Proteinuria, Renal Infiltration of Leukocytes, and Renal Deposition of Proteins in Lupus-prone MRL/lpr Mice

Published on: June 8, 2022

3.2K

Proteinuria in COVID-19.

Muner M B Mohamed1, Juan Carlos Q Velez1,2

  • 1Department of Nephrology, Ochsner Health System, New Orleans, LA, USA.

Clinical Kidney Journal
|April 5, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Proteinuria is a notable kidney manifestation in COVID-19 patients, particularly those with the APOL1 gene variant who may develop COVID-19-associated nephropathy (COVAN). Further research is needed to clarify its incidence and mechanisms.

Keywords:
AKISARS-CoV-2albuminurianephroticprotein-to-creatinine

More Related Videos

Comparative Proteomic Analysis of Whole Kidney, Medulla, and Cortical Tubules in Diabetic Pathogenesis of Kidney Injury in Mice
10:31

Comparative Proteomic Analysis of Whole Kidney, Medulla, and Cortical Tubules in Diabetic Pathogenesis of Kidney Injury in Mice

Published on: May 2, 2025

419
Induction of Nephrotic Syndrome in Mice by Retrobulbar Injection of Doxorubicin and Prevention of Volume Retention by Sustained Release Aprotinin
07:38

Induction of Nephrotic Syndrome in Mice by Retrobulbar Injection of Doxorubicin and Prevention of Volume Retention by Sustained Release Aprotinin

Published on: May 6, 2018

8.6K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Nov 10, 2025

Analyses of Proteinuria, Renal Infiltration of Leukocytes, and Renal Deposition of Proteins in Lupus-prone MRL/lpr Mice
09:43

Analyses of Proteinuria, Renal Infiltration of Leukocytes, and Renal Deposition of Proteins in Lupus-prone MRL/lpr Mice

Published on: June 8, 2022

3.2K
Comparative Proteomic Analysis of Whole Kidney, Medulla, and Cortical Tubules in Diabetic Pathogenesis of Kidney Injury in Mice
10:31

Comparative Proteomic Analysis of Whole Kidney, Medulla, and Cortical Tubules in Diabetic Pathogenesis of Kidney Injury in Mice

Published on: May 2, 2025

419
Induction of Nephrotic Syndrome in Mice by Retrobulbar Injection of Doxorubicin and Prevention of Volume Retention by Sustained Release Aprotinin
07:38

Induction of Nephrotic Syndrome in Mice by Retrobulbar Injection of Doxorubicin and Prevention of Volume Retention by Sustained Release Aprotinin

Published on: May 6, 2018

8.6K

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) primarily affects the respiratory system but also impacts the kidneys, notably causing acute kidney injury (AKI).
  • Specific kidney manifestations in COVID-19, including proteinuria, are not fully understood.
  • COVID-19-associated nephropathy (COVAN) presents with collapsing glomerulopathy in individuals with the high-risk APOL1 genotype.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current evidence of proteinuria as a manifestation of COVID-19.
  • To explore potential pathophysiological mechanisms underlying proteinuria in COVID-19.
  • To highlight the unique risk of COVAN in specific populations.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies reporting proteinuria in COVID-19 patients.
  • Analysis of clinical data and pathological findings related to kidney involvement in COVID-19.
  • Discussion of genetic factors, specifically the APOL1 genotype, in COVID-19-associated kidney disease.

Main Results:

  • Proteinuria is frequently observed in acute kidney injury associated with COVID-19 (CoV-AKI), though often characterized as acute tubular injury.
  • Patients with the high-risk APOL1 genotype are susceptible to developing COVAN with nephrotic-range proteinuria upon SARS-CoV-2 infection.
  • The precise incidence of proteinuria in COVID-19 remains uncertain due to varied assessment methods and reporting.

Conclusions:

  • Proteinuria is a significant renal manifestation of COVID-19, with varying presentations.
  • The APOL1 genotype plays a crucial role in the development of COVAN, a severe form of COVID-19-related kidney disease.
  • Further standardized research is essential to determine the exact prevalence and underlying mechanisms of proteinuria in COVID-19.