Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Viral Recombination00:57

Viral Recombination

24.3K
Cells are sometimes infected by more than one virus at once. When two viruses disassemble to expose their genomes for replication in the same cell, similar regions of their genomes can pair together and exchange sequences in a process called recombination. Alternatively, viruses with segmented genomes can swap segments in a process called reassortment.
24.3K
Viral Replication: Lytic Cycle01:20

Viral Replication: Lytic Cycle

664
Bacteriophages, or phages, are viruses that specifically infect bacteria. Among them, T-even bacteriophages, such as T4, exhibit a well-characterized lytic replication cycle in Escherichia coli (E. coli). This process ensures the rapid proliferation of the virus while ultimately leading to the destruction of the bacterial host.Attachment and DNA InjectionThe infection process begins with the recognition and binding of the T4 phage to the E. coli cell surface. Tail fibers of the phage...
664
Retrovirus Life Cycles01:10

Retrovirus Life Cycles

48.2K
Retroviruses have a single-stranded RNA genome that undergoes a special form of replication. Once the retrovirus has entered the host cell, an enzyme called reverse transcriptase synthesizes double-stranded DNA from the retroviral RNA genome. This DNA copy of the genome is then integrated into the host’s genome inside the nucleus via an enzyme called integrase. Consequently, the retroviral genome is transcribed into RNA whenever the host’s genome is transcribed, allowing the...
48.2K
Viral Mutations00:36

Viral Mutations

36.9K
A mutation is a change in the sequence of bases of DNA or RNA in a genome. Some mutations occur during replication of the genome due to errors made by the polymerase enzymes that replicate DNA or RNA. Unlike DNA polymerase, RNA polymerase is prone to errors because it is not capable of “proofreading” its work. Viruses with RNA-based genomes, like HIV, therefore accrue mutations faster than viruses with DNA-based genomes. Because mutation and recombination provide the raw material...
36.9K
Viral Replication: Lysogenic Cycle01:16

Viral Replication: Lysogenic Cycle

686
The lysogenic cycle is a crucial viral replication strategy that allows bacteriophages to persist within host cells without immediately destroying them. This process is primarily observed in temperate phages, such as bacteriophage lambda (λ), which infects Escherichia coli. The cycle allows the viral genome to persist across bacterial generations while keeping host cells viable.Integration of the Viral GenomeUpon infection, bacteriophage lambda attaches to the bacterial surface and injects...
686
Retroviruses02:33

Retroviruses

13.3K
Retroviruses and retrotransposons both insert copies of their genetic elements into the genome of the host cell. Thus, the viral genes are passed on when the host genome is replicated or translated. A typical retroviral DNA sequence contains 3-4 genes that encode the different proteins required for its structural assembly and function as a molecular parasite. This DNA is transcribed into a single mRNA, which is very similar in structure to conventional mRNAs, i.e., it is capped at the 5’...
13.3K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Antisense oligonucleotide allele-specific targeting of EFEMP1 in a patient-derived model of Doyne honeycomb retinal dystrophy.

Molecular therapy. Nucleic acids·2026
Same author

HKDC1 contributes to aberrant lysosome-mitochondria contact in Niemann-Pick disease type C.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

The P23H Rhodopsin Mouse Model Reveals a Novel Interaction Between the Endoplasmic Reticulum and Connecting Cilium Rootlet Within Photoreceptors.

Investigative ophthalmology & visual science·2026
Same author

Lysine-11 ubiquitination drives type-I/III interferon induction by cGAS-STING and Toll-like receptors 3 and 4.

Nature cell biology·2026
Same author

Exosome Tethering Requires Tetherin Homodimerisation.

Biology of the cell·2025
Same author

Leucine-rich α-2-glycoprotein 1 initiates the onset of diabetic retinopathy in mice.

Science translational medicine·2025
Same journal

Epigenetic plasticity and chemoresistance in cancer: mechanisms, biomarkers, and translational opportunities for real-world evidence.

Frontiers in cell and developmental biology·2026
Same journal

Matched embryo-endometrium RNA-seq reveals coordinated but asymmetric transcriptomic reprogramming at the onset of early equine pregnancy.

Frontiers in cell and developmental biology·2026
Same journal

Myelin development in the peripheral nervous system of <i>Trachemys scripta</i>.

Frontiers in cell and developmental biology·2026
Same journal

A deep learning-based classification method for subclinical zonular laxity in AS-OCT images.

Frontiers in cell and developmental biology·2026
Same journal

Advancing fat graft survival: from adipose-derived stem cell mechanisms to next-generation regenerative strategies.

Frontiers in cell and developmental biology·2026
Same journal

CRISPR-based next-generation molecular diagnostics for bone infection.

Frontiers in cell and developmental biology·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 10, 2025

Dissecting Host-virus Interaction in Lytic Replication of a Model Herpesvirus
11:28

Dissecting Host-virus Interaction in Lytic Replication of a Model Herpesvirus

Published on: October 7, 2011

11.2K

Exploiting Connections for Viral Replication.

Louise H Wong1, James R Edgar2, Andrea Martello1

  • 1UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, London, United Kingdom.

Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology
|April 5, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) hijacks host cell lipid metabolism to create replication sites. Understanding double-membrane vesicle biogenesis is key to blocking viral replication and protecting against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2.

Keywords:
Membrane contact sites (MCS)SARS-CoV-2double membrane vesicles (DMVs)lipid transportviral replication

More Related Videos

Arbovirus Infections As Screening Tools for the Identification of Viral Immunomodulators and Host Antiviral Factors
06:02

Arbovirus Infections As Screening Tools for the Identification of Viral Immunomodulators and Host Antiviral Factors

Published on: September 13, 2018

7.1K
Chemoselective Modification of Viral Surfaces via Bioorthogonal Click Chemistry
12:31

Chemoselective Modification of Viral Surfaces via Bioorthogonal Click Chemistry

Published on: August 19, 2012

25.1K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Nov 10, 2025

Dissecting Host-virus Interaction in Lytic Replication of a Model Herpesvirus
11:28

Dissecting Host-virus Interaction in Lytic Replication of a Model Herpesvirus

Published on: October 7, 2011

11.2K
Arbovirus Infections As Screening Tools for the Identification of Viral Immunomodulators and Host Antiviral Factors
06:02

Arbovirus Infections As Screening Tools for the Identification of Viral Immunomodulators and Host Antiviral Factors

Published on: September 13, 2018

7.1K
Chemoselective Modification of Viral Surfaces via Bioorthogonal Click Chemistry
12:31

Chemoselective Modification of Viral Surfaces via Bioorthogonal Click Chemistry

Published on: August 19, 2012

25.1K

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Cell Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a positive-strand RNA (+RNA) virus responsible for the COVID-19 pandemic.
  • SARS-CoV-2, like other +RNA viruses, relies on host cell metabolic processes for replication.
  • Viral replication involves the remodeling of host cell membranes to form specialized sites.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current understanding of double-membrane vesicle (DMV) biogenesis in +RNA virus replication.
  • To explore the role of host lipid metabolism and membrane contact sites in viral replication.
  • To discuss how SARS-CoV-2 exploits host cell machinery for its replication.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on DMV biogenesis and host-pathogen interactions.
  • Analysis of mechanisms employed by +RNA viruses to generate replication organelles.
  • Examination of evidence supporting similar mechanisms in SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Main Results:

  • DMV biogenesis is a hallmark of +RNA virus replication, including SARS-CoV-2.
  • Host lipid metabolism and biosynthetic pathways are significantly rewired during viral infection.
  • Membrane contact sites facilitate lipid exchange, crucial for viral replication organelle formation.

Conclusions:

  • SARS-CoV-2 utilizes host cell contact site machinery to establish replication sites.
  • Exploitation of host lipid metabolism is essential for viral RNA replication and protection.
  • Targeting these host-virus interactions may offer therapeutic strategies against SARS-CoV-2.