Sex Differences in Huntington's Disease: Evaluating the Enroll-HD Database
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Updated: Nov 10, 2025
Efficient and Scalable Production of Full-length Human Huntingtin Variants in Mammalian Cells using a Transient Expression System
Published on: December 10, 2021
Samantha Hentosh1, Liang Zhu2, Jorge Patino1,3
1McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center (UTHealth) Houston Texas USA.
Background:
Identifying sex-related differences is critical for enhancing our understanding of factors that may impact prognosis and advance treatments in Huntington's disease (HD).
Objectives:
To investigate if sex-related differences exist in clinical HD.
Methods:
Longitudinal study of the Enroll-HD database. Manifest HD patients were included in the analysis (N = 8401). Linear mixed models were used to assess motor, behavioral, and cognitive functioning over a series of four annual visits, and compared male and female HD gene carriers.
Results:
HD patients showed significant sex-dependent differences in motor, cognitive, and behavioral symptoms. Both sexes had worsened motor symptoms over the course of four visits, but there was a significant disparity between sexes, with females consistently presenting with more symptoms than males. For behavioral symptoms, specifically depressive symptoms, females had significantly more depressive symptoms, although self-reported symptoms in both sexes became less severe throughout time.
Conclusions:
Our analyses suggest that women have worse symptoms than men during the course of HD.
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