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Related Concept Videos

Pulmonary Function Tests01:25

Pulmonary Function Tests

523
Pulmonary Function Tests (PFTs)
Pulmonary Function Tests are crucial diagnostic tools for assessing respiratory function, particularly in patients with chronic respiratory disorders. They comprehensively evaluate lung volumes, ventilatory function, breathing mechanics, diffusion, and gas exchange. These tests help diagnose pulmonary diseases and play a significant role in monitoring disease progression, evaluating disability, and assessing response to therapy.
PFTs involve using a spirometer, a...
523
COPD: Pathogenesis and Clinical Features01:20

COPD: Pathogenesis and Clinical Features

1.5K
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a group of lung conditions that progressively worsen over time, including chronic bronchitis and emphysema. This cluster of diseases collectively leads to a gradual and irreversible decline in lung function over time.
The primary cause for the onset of COPD is cigarette smoking and exposure to air pollution. These hazardous factors initiate a chain reaction within the lungs, resulting in chronic inflammation, damage to the airways, and a...
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Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-II: Pathophysiology01:20

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-II: Pathophysiology

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Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) pathophysiology is intricate and multifaceted, involving a complex interplay of physiological processes. Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for effectively managing and treating COPD. Here is an in-depth look at the critical elements in the pathophysiology of COPD:
Chronic Inflammation
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Factors Affecting Pulmonary Ventilation01:19

Factors Affecting Pulmonary Ventilation

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Besides the pressure difference between the external environment and the lungs, the airflow rate and ease of pulmonary ventilation are also influenced by three other factors: surface tension of the fluid in the alveoli, compliance of the lungs, and airway resistance.
Alveolar Surface Tension
The alveolar fluid lines the luminal surface of the alveoli and exerts a force called surface tension. This force is caused by the polar water molecules in the liquid being more strongly attracted to each...
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Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease01:22

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

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COPD is defined as a heterogeneous lung condition marked by persistent respiratory symptoms such as dyspnea, cough, and sputum production, caused by abnormalities in the airways that cause airflow obstruction.
Smoking is a primary risk factor for COPD, with over 80% of patients having a history of it. Patients typically experience progressive dyspnea or labored breathing, frequent coughing, and recurrent pulmonary infections. Many eventually succumb to respiratory failure, characterized by...
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Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-IV: Assessement and Diagnostic Studies01:27

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-IV: Assessement and Diagnostic Studies

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Assessing and diagnosing Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) involves a detailed approach that includes a comprehensive review of medical history, physical examination, and a variety of diagnostic tests. This thorough evaluation is essential to ensure an accurate diagnosis and guide effective management strategies.
Medical History
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Effects of Surgical Masks on Cardiopulmonary Function in Healthy Subjects
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Effects of Surgical Masks on Cardiopulmonary Function in Healthy Subjects

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Pulmonary function and COVID-19.

Max Thomas1, Oliver J Price2,3, James H Hull4,5

  • 1Birmingham Heartlands Hospital, University Hospitals Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.

Current Opinion in Physiology
|April 5, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Long COVID can cause persistent lung issues, particularly reduced diffusing capacity (DLco), affecting functional capacity. This review examines COVID-19

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Lung CT Segmentation to Identify Consolidations and Ground Glass Areas for Quantitative Assesment of SARS-CoV Pneumonia
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Area of Science:

  • Pulmonary Medicine
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Rehabilitation Medicine

Background:

  • Concerns exist regarding long-term pulmonary sequelae after COVID-19.
  • Impaired functional capacity is a significant post-COVID-19 concern.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and summarize the impact of COVID-19 on pulmonary function.
  • To correlate pulmonary function changes with clinico-radiological findings and disease severity.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of published evidence on post-COVID-19 pulmonary function.
  • Analysis of spirometry, diffusing capacity (DLco), and lung volumes.
  • Evaluation of functional capacity assessments like walk tests and cardiopulmonary exercise tests.

Main Results:

  • Spirometric indices are generally preserved post-COVID-19.
  • Reduced diffusing capacity (DLco) is prevalent, affecting 20-30% of mild/moderate cases and 60% of severe cases.
  • Reductions in total lung capacity and impaired functional capacity are commonly reported.

Conclusions:

  • COVID-19 frequently leads to persistent pulmonary abnormalities, notably reduced DLco.
  • Pulmonary sequelae impact functional capacity, requiring further investigation and management strategies.
  • Disease severity correlates with the extent of pulmonary impairment.