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Brain deficits in prediabetic adults: A systematic review
Joyla A Furlano1, Becky R Horst1, Lindsay S Nagamatsu2
1Neuroscience, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada.
Journal of Neuroscience Research
|April 5, 2021
Summary
Prediabetes, the precursor to type 2 diabetes, may impact brain health, but research is inconsistent. This review found potential brain structure deficits, though conflicting results highlight the need for standardized methods.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Endocrinology
- Public Health
Background:
- Inconsistent findings exist regarding prediabetes' impact on brain health.
- Prediabetes is a critical precursor stage to type 2 diabetes.
- Understanding brain health in prediabetes is crucial for early intervention.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review and summarize current knowledge on brain deficits in prediabetic adults.
- To assess associations between prediabetes and brain volume, structural connectivity, and cerebrovascular health.
- To identify inconsistencies in research methodologies and their potential impact on findings.
Main Methods:
- Systematic review adhering to PRISMA standards.
- Searched multiple databases (PsychINFO, Scopus, Web of Science, etc.) for peer-reviewed articles (2009-present).
- Included cross-sectional and longitudinal studies assessing brain health in adults (≥18 years) with prediabetes; quality assessed using NIH tools.
Main Results:
- Nineteen studies were included in the review.
- Results suggest a potential association between prediabetes and brain structural deficits and pathology.
- Several studies contradicted these findings, indicating significant inconsistencies in the literature.
Conclusions:
- Prediabetes may be linked to adverse brain structural changes, but evidence is conflicting.
- Methodological variations in defining and measuring prediabetes contribute to inconsistent findings.
- Further research with standardized methodologies is needed to clarify the relationship between prediabetes and brain health.
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