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The preoperational stage, the second of Jean Piaget's four stages of cognitive development, spans approximately ages 2 to 7 and is characterized by the emergence of symbolic thinking. During this stage, children use language, images, and symbols to represent objects and concepts, enabling them to engage in imaginative and pretend play. This symbolic thinking supports children's ability to perform make-believe actions, such as imagining a broom as a horse or their hand as a phone, blending...
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When do children learn how to select a portion size?

Jennifer S Cox1, Elanor C Hinton1, Sarah Sauchelli1

  • 1National Institute for Health Research Bristol Biomedical Research Centre Nutrition Theme, University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust and University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TU, UK.

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|April 5, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Children can conceptually understand portion sizes, with accuracy increasing with age. Manual portion selection correlates with actual intake, suggesting an ability to anticipate food consumption from a young age.

Keywords:
ChildrenEating behaviourPlate clearingPortion sizePre-meal planning

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Nutrition
  • Behavioral Science
  • Dietary Assessment

Background:

  • Portion size reduction is a key strategy for weight management.
  • Understanding children's conceptual grasp of portion sizes is crucial for developing effective dietary interventions.
  • Subjectivity in clinical portion size discussions necessitates objective tools.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate children's conceptual understanding of portion sizes.
  • To assess children's ability to manually serve portions corresponding to their intake.
  • To evaluate a computerized portion size tool against manual serving accuracy.

Main Methods:

  • 76 children aged 5-11 years rated hunger, liking, and ideal portion size using a computerized tool.
  • Children manually self-served and consumed pasta portions.
  • Plate weights were measured to calculate calories served and consumed.

Main Results:

  • A significant positive correlation (r=0.53) was found between manually served portions and intake, indicating children can anticipate consumption.
  • Age explained 9.4% of the variance in portion size accuracy (p=0.02).
  • Computerized portion selections correlated with manual servings overall (r=0.34), but not in 5-6-year-olds.

Conclusions:

  • Children demonstrate manual portion-size selection abilities from age five.
  • From age seven, children's virtual portion size selections align with their manual servings.
  • The computerized tool shows potential but requires further development for younger age groups.