Numerical simulations on periprosthetic bone remodeling: a systematic review

Area of Science:

• Biomechanical Engineering
• Computational Mechanics
• Orthopedic Research

Background:

• Periprosthetic bone remodeling is a critical factor in implant longevity.
• Finite element (FE) simulation offers a powerful tool for analyzing bone response around implants.

Purpose of the Study:

• To systematically review the literature on finite element (FE) simulation of periprosthetic bone remodeling.
• To identify trends and common methodologies in FE analysis of bone remodeling around prostheses.

Main Methods:

• A systematic literature review was performed across 9 databases from 2009 to 2020.
• Inclusion criteria focused on English full-text articles with relevant keywords in title and abstract.
• Articles were classified by simulation dimensionality, interface modeling, output parameters, prosthesis type, and bone remodeling algorithms.

Main Results:

• Sixty-seven studies met the inclusion criteria.
• Femur and tooth were the most analyzed bone segments.
• Three-dimensional simulations and bone density variation were common analysis methods, with bonded interfaces frequently employed.

Conclusions:

• There is a rising interest in FE analysis for bone remodeling across various bone segments.
• Current approaches are heterogeneous, necessitating a balance between computational efficiency and simulation accuracy.