Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

One-Degree-of-Freedom System01:24

One-Degree-of-Freedom System

619
In mechanical engineering, one-degree-of-freedom systems form the basis of a wide range of electrical and mechanical components. Using these models, engineers can predict the behavior of various parts in a larger system, which gives them insight into how different forces interact with each other.
A one-degree-of-freedom system is defined by an independent variable that determines its state and behavior. One example of a one-degree-of-freedom system is a simple harmonic oscillator, such as a...
619
Deformation in a Circular Shaft01:10

Deformation in a Circular Shaft

580
One of the distinctive characteristics of circular shafts is their ability to maintain their cross-sectional integrity under torsion. In other words, each cross-section continues to exist as a flat, unaltered entity, simply rotating like a solid, rigid slab. To understand the distribution of shearing stress within such a shaft, consider a cylindrical section inside this circular shaft. This section has a length of L and a radius of R, with one end fixed. The radius of the cylindrical section is...
580
Angle of Twist: Problem Solving01:13

Angle of Twist: Problem Solving

524
An electric motor applies a torque of 700 N·m to an aluminum shaft, triggering a stable rotation. Two pulleys, B and C, are subjected to torques of 300 N·m and 400 N·m, respectively. The modulus of rigidity is provided as 25 GPa. With the knowledge of the length and diameter of each segment, the twist angle between the two pulleys can be computed. First, a section cut is made between pulleys B and C, and the cut cross-section is analyzed using a free-body diagram. Given that the torque...
524
Plastic Deformation in Circular Shafts01:20

Plastic Deformation in Circular Shafts

333
When materials are subjected to forces that surpass their yield strength, they undergo a process known as plastic deformation. This results in a permanent alteration or strain in their structure. This concept can be specifically applied to circular shafts, where the deformation leads to a change in its shape. The precise evaluation of this plastic deformation requires understanding the stress distribution within the circular shaft, which is achieved by calculating the maximum shearing stress in...
333
Torsion of Noncircular Members01:16

Torsion of Noncircular Members

313
Circular shafts undergoing torsional stress maintain their cross-sectional integrity due to their axisymmetric nature. This symmetry ensures an even distribution of stress, allowing the shaft to withstand torsion without distorting. In contrast, square bars, lacking this axial symmetry, experience significant distortion across their cross-sections when subjected to torsion, with the exception of along their diagonals and at lines connecting midpoints. A detailed examination of a cubic element...
313
Angle of Twist - Elastic Range01:13

Angle of Twist - Elastic Range

524
Consider a cylindrical shaft with a length denoted by L and a consistent cross-sectional radius referred to as r. This shaft undergoes a torque at the free end. The highest shearing strain within the shaft is directly proportional to the twist angle and the radial distance from the shaft axis. When the shaft behaves elastically, this shearing strain can be articulated using variables such as the applied torque, radial distance, the polar moment of inertia, and the modulus of rigidity. By...
524

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Circulating acidic α-glucosidase as a potential biomarker for lactate-related immunometabolism in ischemic stroke.

Brain research·2026
Same author

Reconstruction of orbital angular momentum eigenstates of light.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

Solid-State Vortex Laser at Eye-Safe Band: A Perspective.

Nanophotonics (Berlin, Germany)·2026
Same author

Longitudinal triglyceride-glucose index and Metal Interactions: A multi-model cohort integrating synergistic and antagonistic indices.

Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)·2026
Same author

Mitigate the variation of energy band gap with electric field induced by quantum confinement Stark effect via a gradient quantum system for frequency-stable laser diodes.

Nanophotonics (Berlin, Germany)·2025
Same author

1 kHz, 511 mJ sub-nanosecond green laser via SHG of a slab-based MOPA system.

Optics express·2025
Same journal

Denoising algorithm of Φ-OTDR systems based on adaptive fractional wavelet transform denoising.

Optics express·2026
Same journal

Millisecond photon-to-photon latency and high-speed volumetric projection system for optogenetics.

Optics express·2026
Same journal

Polarization-encoded coaxial structured light for high-precision 3D surface profilometry.

Optics express·2026
Same journal

Discrete freeform optical design based on collaborative optimization of point cloud and local normals.

Optics express·2026
Same journal

Ultrafast ghost imaging with 25 GHz speckle switching and wavelength-division multiplexing.

Optics express·2026
Same journal

Atomic vapor cells fabricated by femtosecond laser welding of standard-optical-quality glass.

Optics express·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 10, 2025

Bringing the Visible Universe into Focus with Robo-AO
10:35

Bringing the Visible Universe into Focus with Robo-AO

Published on: February 12, 2013

19.8K

Tailoring a complex perfect optical vortex array with multiple selective degrees of freedom.

Hao Wang, Shiyao Fu, Chunqing Gao

    Optics Express
    |April 6, 2021
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Researchers developed a new method to create controllable optical vortex arrays (OVAs) using phase-only holograms. This technique allows dynamic control over multiple dimensions of optical vortices (OVs), enabling novel applications.

    More Related Videos

    The Generation of Higher-order Laguerre-Gauss Optical Beams for High-precision Interferometry
    12:14

    The Generation of Higher-order Laguerre-Gauss Optical Beams for High-precision Interferometry

    Published on: August 12, 2013

    22.1K
    Fabrication and Operation of a Nano-Optical Conveyor Belt
    11:10

    Fabrication and Operation of a Nano-Optical Conveyor Belt

    Published on: August 26, 2015

    11.8K

    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: Nov 10, 2025

    Bringing the Visible Universe into Focus with Robo-AO
    10:35

    Bringing the Visible Universe into Focus with Robo-AO

    Published on: February 12, 2013

    19.8K
    The Generation of Higher-order Laguerre-Gauss Optical Beams for High-precision Interferometry
    12:14

    The Generation of Higher-order Laguerre-Gauss Optical Beams for High-precision Interferometry

    Published on: August 12, 2013

    22.1K
    Fabrication and Operation of a Nano-Optical Conveyor Belt
    11:10

    Fabrication and Operation of a Nano-Optical Conveyor Belt

    Published on: August 26, 2015

    11.8K

    Area of Science:

    • Optics and Photonics
    • Holography
    • Laser Physics

    Background:

    • Optical vortex arrays (OVAs) are of significant research interest for applications in classical and quantum physics.
    • Existing OVAs often lack controllable dimensions, limiting their practical use.
    • Perfect optical vortices (POVs) offer unique properties, such as diameter independence from topological charge (TC).

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To propose a novel method for generating sophisticated perfect optical vortex arrays (POVs) with enhanced controllability.
    • To enable dynamic control over multiple parameters of OVAs, including TC, size, and arrangement.
    • To explore the potential of tailored POV arrays for advanced optical applications.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized combined phase-only holograms to generate POV arrays.
    • Developed a scheme for dynamically controlling parameters like multi-ring structures, TC, eccentricity, size, and the number of optical vortices (OVs).
    • Introduced a beta-g (βg) library for optimizing double-ring POV elements.

    Main Results:

    • Successfully generated versatile POV arrays with dynamically controllable dimensions.
    • Established analytical relationships between array parameters and observed intensity patterns.
    • Demonstrated the creation of exotic structures, such as the "Bear POV", showcasing tailored beam generation.
    • Experimental results validated theoretical simulations, confirming the robustness of the method.

    Conclusions:

    • The proposed method offers unprecedented control over optical vortex array generation.
    • The developed technique allows for the creation of customized optical structures with diverse parameters.
    • These advanced POV arrays hold significant promise for applications in microparticle trapping, optical communications, and laser technology.