The development of undergraduate pharmacy students as reflective thinkers for the evolving field of pharmacy

Iterative reflective practice is recognised to support learners' formation of humanism and resilience, facilitating the healthy development of professional identity. In one undergraduate pharmacy programme, students experience a series of seminars to develop their understanding and skills in the practice of reflection and its articulation. In Stage (year) 4, students engage in a reflection conference where they present a reflective account of a 'Significant Learning Event' or their journey 'From Student to Professional'. Student abstracts from this conference were investigated to explore the nature of the reflective practice.

The student abstracts submitted for the reflection conference in the academic years 2017-2018 and 2018-2019 were subjected to manifest and latent content analysis to investigate what and how students chose to reflect. This was supplemented by the ethnographic approach of the researchers, who attended, observed and engaged with students at the event.

107 abstracts were submitted across the cohorts. Students reflected mainly upon experiences across a range of extra- and co-curricular activities, and reported significant learning, according to Fink's taxonomy, mainly in the human dimension, caring and learning to learn.

At the culmination of the reflection educational strand within this programme, students demonstrated purposeful, deliberate introspection and metacognition in their abstracts for the reflection conference. These skills are fundamental to support transformative learning, whereby students have the ability to self-regulate and critique their frames of reference with autonomy and flexibility that will enable them to most effectively engage and benefit from lifelong learning within the profession.