Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Jealousy in Romantic Relationships01:23

Jealousy in Romantic Relationships

67
Jealousy is an instinctive yet socially complex emotion that arises when a close relationship is threatened. Its origins lie in both biological imperatives and sociocultural conditioning, making it a multifaceted psychological construct. Although universally experienced, the triggers and expressions of jealousy vary notably between individuals, especially across genders, due to evolutionary pressures and cultural influences.Gender Differences and Evolutionary TheoryEvolutionary theory explains...
67
Nonconscious Mimicry01:13

Nonconscious Mimicry

4.8K
Nonconscious mimicry occurs when individuals alter their mannerisms to match the behaviors and expressions of those nearby, without intention.
4.8K
Aggression01:47

Aggression

29.1K
Humans engage in aggression when they seek to cause harm or pain to another person. Aggression takes two forms depending on one’s motives: hostile or instrumental. Hostile aggression is motivated by feelings of anger with intent to cause pain; a fight in a bar with a stranger is an example of hostile aggression. In contrast, instrumental aggression is motivated by achieving a goal and does not necessarily involve intent to cause pain (Berkowitz, 1993); a contract killer who murders for...
29.1K
Communication01:03

Communication

8.1K
Communication between two animals occurs when one animal transmits an information signal that causes a change in the animal that receives the information. Organisms communicate with one another in a host of different ways. Signals can be auditory, chemical, visual, tactile, or a combination of these. Communication is a critical behavioral adaptation that promotes survival, growth, and reproduction.
8.1K
Causes of Social Behavior II: Cognitive Processes01:15

Causes of Social Behavior II: Cognitive Processes

108
Cognitive processes affect social behavior by guiding how individuals perceive, interpret, and respond to social stimuli. These mental processes enable individuals to assess others' behaviors, attribute causes to their actions, and form expectations based on past experiences.Causes of Behavior and Social JudgmentsIndividuals determine the causes of others' behaviors by distinguishing between personal traits and external circumstances. For example, if a friend frequently arrives late, an...
108
Personality Disorders: Dependent and Obsessive-Compulsive01:24

Personality Disorders: Dependent and Obsessive-Compulsive

199
Dependent personality disorder and obsessive-compulsive personality disorder are two separate psychological conditions that influence behavior, relationships, and overall life functioning. Though both involve maladaptive behaviors, their core characteristics and motivations differ significantly.
 Dependent Personality Disorder
Dependent personality disorder is characterized by an excessive reliance on others to manage various aspects of life. Individuals with this disorder often struggle...
199

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

A disabled kea parrot is the alpha male of his circus.

Current biology : CB·2026
Same author

Correction: 'The evolutionary puzzle of cognition: challenges and insights from individual-based studies' (2024), by Sol et al.

Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences·2026
Same author

Do dogs rationally infer the causes of failed actions?

PloS one·2026
Same author

Evidence for representation of pretend objects by Kanzi, a language-trained bonobo.

Science (New York, N.Y.)·2026
Same author

A deep neural network tracks tool proficiency development.

Journal of experimental psychology. Animal learning and cognition·2025
Same author

Animal tool use: Capturing tool-expertise development with a deep learning network.

Current biology : CB·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 9, 2025

The Other End of the Leash: An Experimental Test to Analyze How Owners Interact with Their Pet Dogs
08:59

The Other End of the Leash: An Experimental Test to Analyze How Owners Interact with Their Pet Dogs

Published on: October 13, 2017

17.9K

Dogs Mentally Represent Jealousy-Inducing Social Interactions.

Amalia P M Bastos1, Patrick D Neilands1, Rebecca S Hassall1

  • 1School of Psychology, The University of Auckland.

Psychological Science
|April 7, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Dogs exhibit jealousy, showing behavioral signs when their owners interact with perceived social rivals. This suggests dogs can mentally represent jealousy-inducing social situations, even when unseen.

Keywords:
dogsjealous behaviorjealousymental representationopen datasecondary emotion

More Related Videos

Assessment of Social Interaction Behaviors
06:41

Assessment of Social Interaction Behaviors

Published on: February 25, 2011

94.3K
Behavioral Disturbances: An Innovative Approach to Monitor the Modulatory Effects of a Nutraceutical Diet
07:05

Behavioral Disturbances: An Innovative Approach to Monitor the Modulatory Effects of a Nutraceutical Diet

Published on: January 3, 2017

9.1K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Nov 9, 2025

The Other End of the Leash: An Experimental Test to Analyze How Owners Interact with Their Pet Dogs
08:59

The Other End of the Leash: An Experimental Test to Analyze How Owners Interact with Their Pet Dogs

Published on: October 13, 2017

17.9K
Assessment of Social Interaction Behaviors
06:41

Assessment of Social Interaction Behaviors

Published on: February 25, 2011

94.3K
Behavioral Disturbances: An Innovative Approach to Monitor the Modulatory Effects of a Nutraceutical Diet
07:05

Behavioral Disturbances: An Innovative Approach to Monitor the Modulatory Effects of a Nutraceutical Diet

Published on: January 3, 2017

9.1K

Area of Science:

  • Comparative Psychology
  • Animal Behavior
  • Canine Cognition

Background:

  • Jealousy is theorized to protect social bonds but has been linked to self-awareness, leading some to believe it's uniquely human.
  • Understanding jealousy in non-human animals can provide insights into the evolution of complex social emotions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether dogs exhibit jealous behavior in response to social interactions involving their owners.
  • To determine if dogs can mentally represent jealousy-inducing social situations.

Main Methods:

  • Eighteen dogs were exposed to controlled scenarios where their owners interacted with either a fake dog or a fleece cylinder.
  • The social interactions were sometimes conducted out-of-sight of the dog to test mental representation.
  • Behavioral responses indicative of jealousy were recorded and analyzed.

Main Results:

  • Dogs displayed jealous behaviors specifically when their owners interacted with a perceived social rival (fake dog), not a non-social object (fleece cylinder).
  • Jealousy was observed as a direct consequence of the owner's interaction, not merely due to the presence of another conspecific.
  • Evidence of jealousy was found even when the interaction between the owner and the rival was out-of-sight.

Conclusions:

  • The study provides evidence supporting the claim that dogs display jealous behavior.
  • Findings suggest dogs possess the cognitive ability to mentally represent jealousy-inducing social interactions.
  • This challenges the notion that jealousy is exclusively a human emotion.