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RESPIRATORY CHANGES IN STRANDED BOTTLENOSE DOLPHINS (TURSIOPS TRUNCATUS).

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Bottlenose dolphins adjust breathing on land, but prolonged beaching reduces lung function. These findings aid in managing stranded dolphins and improving care during medical procedures.

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Area of Science:

  • Marine Mammal Physiology
  • Respiratory Physiology
  • Cetacean Biology

Background:

  • Understanding dolphin respiratory physiology is crucial for their health and survival, especially during out-of-water events.
  • Gravity's effect on respiration in marine mammals requires investigation to ensure adequate gas exchange.
  • Previous research has not fully detailed the immediate and temporal changes in dolphin lung function when beached.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantify lung function changes in bottlenose dolphins at rest in water versus on land for up to 10 minutes.
  • To investigate how dolphins compensate for gravitational stress on their respiratory system.
  • To identify potential risks to dolphin respiratory health during extended terrestrial periods.

Main Methods:

  • Measured lung function parameters including breath duration, respiratory flow (V̇), and tidal volume (VT) in 19 adult bottlenose dolphins.
  • Compared respiratory data between dolphins at rest in water and those beached for up to 10 minutes.
  • Analyzed temporal changes in lung function during the beaching duration.

Main Results:

  • Inspiratory tidal volume and inspiratory respiratory flow did not differ significantly between water and land conditions.
  • Expiratory respiratory flow decreased by 16% on land, while expiratory and total breath durations increased by 5% and 4%, respectively.
  • Over 10 minutes of beaching, expired and inspired tidal volumes decreased by 13% and 16%, and inspired respiratory flow decreased by 9%.

Conclusions:

  • Dolphins exhibit respiratory adjustments to counteract gravity's effects on lung function and maintain gas exchange.
  • Extended periods on land can lead to decreased ventilation and gas exchange due to increased work of breathing.
  • Continuous monitoring of lung function is recommended for medical procedures, transport, and improving survival rates in stranded dolphins.