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Interviewer style, type A behavior, and cardiovascular response.

B K Houston1, M A Smith, L O'Connor

  • 1Department of Psychology, University of Kansas, Lawrence.

Behavioral Medicine (Washington, D.C.)
|January 1, 1988
PubMed
Summary
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Interview style impacts Type A personality assessment. Fast, interruptive interviews may skew results, affecting the prediction of cardiovascular disease risk and Type A behaviors.

Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Cardiovascular Health
  • Behavioral Medicine

Background:

  • The Type A behavior pattern is linked to increased cardiovascular disease risk.
  • The structured interview (SI) is a common method for assessing Type A behavior.
  • The influence of interview administration style on Type A assessment is not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether different styles of administering the structured interview (SI) affect Type A ratings.
  • To examine the relationship between SI-derived Type A ratings and cardiovascular reactivity.
  • To compare SI Type A ratings with questionnaire measures of Type A behavior.

Main Methods:

  • Seventy-four male subjects underwent the SI using either a fast, interruptive or a slower, less disruptive style.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Cardiovascular reactivity (diastolic blood pressure, pulse rate) was measured during cognitive tasks.
  • Subjects completed the Framingham Type A Scale (FTAS) and Jenkins Activity Survey (JAS).

    • Main Results:

    • Type A ratings from slower interviews positively correlated with increased diastolic blood pressure reactivity.
    • Type A ratings from fast, interruptive interviews showed a negative trend with diastolic blood pressure reactivity.
    • FTAS scores aligned with these differential relationships between interview style and cardiovascular measures.

    Conclusions:

    • The administration style of the structured interview significantly influences Type A ratings.
    • Interview style can affect the predictive validity of Type A ratings for cardiovascular outcomes.
    • Findings suggest caution in interpreting Type A assessments based on varied interview techniques, especially concerning coronary heart disease (CHD) risk.