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A lower maximum bite force is a risk factor for developing cardiovascular disease: the Suita study.

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Area of Science:

  • Oral Health
  • Cardiovascular Health
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Masticatory dysfunction is hypothesized to contribute to cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk via poor nutrition.
  • Maximum bite force (MBF) serves as a quantifiable indicator of masticatory function.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between baseline maximum bite force (MBF) and the incidence of cardiovascular disease (CVD).
  • To determine if masticatory function, measured by MBF, is a predictive factor for developing stroke and coronary heart disease.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort of 1547 participants from the Suita study without prior CVD history were examined.
  • Baseline MBF was measured, followed by a mean 3.5-year follow-up for CVD incidence.
  • Cox proportional hazards models were used for multivariate analysis of MBF and CVD development.

Main Results:

  • A significant trend between baseline MBF and CVD development was observed in the combined male and female cohort.
  • Analysis by sex revealed a significant association between lower MBF and increased CVD risk specifically in women.
  • 32 incident CVD cases (stroke and coronary heart disease) were recorded during the follow-up period.

Conclusions:

  • Low maximum bite force (MBF) may represent a novel risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD).
  • The association between reduced masticatory function and CVD appears more pronounced in women.
  • Objective masticatory function assessment, like MBF, warrants consideration in CVD risk evaluation.