Directed evolution in mammalian cells
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Updated: Nov 9, 2025

Directed Evolution Method in Saccharomyces cerevisiae: Mutant Library Creation and Screening
Published on: April 1, 2016
Samuel J Hendel1, Matthew D Shoulders2
1Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
Abstract:
Directed evolution experiments are typically carried out using in vitro systems, bacteria, or yeast-even when the goal is to probe or modulate mammalian biology. Performing directed evolution in systems that do not match the intended mammalian environment severely constrains the scope and functionality of the targets that can be evolved. We review new platforms that are now making it possible to use the mammalian cell itself as the setting for directed evolution and present an overview of frontier challenges and high-impact targets for this approach.
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