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Human Lateralization, Maternal Effects and Neurodevelopmental Disorders.

Gianluca Malatesta1, Daniele Marzoli1, Giulia Prete1

  • 1Department of Psychological, Health and Territorial Sciences, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti and Pescara, Chieti, Italy.

Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience
|April 8, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Early caregiver interactions, particularly the left-cradling bias, may shape infant brain lateralization during a sensitive postnatal period. This interaction, potentially influenced by epigenetic factors, could impact neurodevelopmental outcomes.

Keywords:
autism spectrum disordersbehavioral epigeneticscradling-side biashemispheric asymmetrylateralitymother-infant interaction

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Psychology
  • Behavioral Genetics

Background:

  • Behavioral laterality and hemispheric asymmetries in humans are complex biobehavioral traits.
  • Genetic factors alone have not fully explained the development of these asymmetries.
  • Environmental and epigenetic factors are increasingly recognized as crucial determinants.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose a model where early postnatal sensorimotor interactions with caregivers canalize hemispheric lateralization.
  • To highlight the role of caregiver-directed lateralized behavior, such as the left-cradling bias (LCB), in typical lateralization.
  • To explore the potential link between reduced LCB, maternal heritability, and neurodevelopmental disorders.

Main Methods:

  • The study is primarily theoretical, proposing a model based on existing evidence.
  • It synthesizes findings on infant asymmetries, caregiver interaction, and lateralization.
  • It emphasizes the need for future genetic and epigenetic investigations.

Main Results:

  • A sensitive period in early postnatal development is hypothesized, during which interactive sensorimotor biases canalize hemispheric lateralization.
  • Adult caregivers' infant-directed lateralized behaviors, especially maternal left-cradling bias (LCB), are suggested as key canalizing factors.
  • Reduced LCB is tentatively linked to unfavorable conditions, including neurodevelopmental disorders.

Conclusions:

  • Early mother-infant interactive contexts play a significant role in shaping typical hemispheric lateralization.
  • The left-cradling bias (LCB) may be a heritable behavioral trait with implications for offspring neurodevelopment.
  • Further research is needed to elucidate the genetic and epigenetic mechanisms underlying early interaction lateralization and neurodevelopmental disorder risk.