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Clinical and Radiological Characteristics of Acute Cerebrovascular Diseases Among Egyptian Patients With COVID-19 in

Eman M Khedr1, Radwa K Soliman2, Noha Abo-Elfetof1

  • 1Department of Neuropsychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University Hospital, Asyut, Egypt.

Frontiers in Neurology
|April 8, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Acute cerebrovascular disease (CVD) was common in COVID-19 patients in Egypt, with large vessel occlusion being the most frequent type. Hypertension and ischemic heart disease were significant risk factors contributing to poorer outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Limited data exists on acute cerebrovascular complications of COVID-19 in Egypt.
  • Understanding these complications is crucial for patient management and public health strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the proportion of acute cerebrovascular disease (CVD) in COVID-19 patients.
  • To compare the clinical and radiological characteristics of CVD in COVID-19 patients versus non-COVID-19 patients.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective study comparing COVID-19 CVD patients with pre-pandemic non-COVID-19 CVD patients.
  • Data collected included clinical presentation, risk factors, comorbidities, brain imaging (MRI/CT), chest CT, and laboratory tests.

Main Results:

  • 12.5% of COVID-19 patients (55/439) presented with acute CVD, predominantly ischemic stroke (9.6%).
  • COVID-19 patients with ischemic stroke showed significantly higher rates of large vessel occlusion (LVO) (40% vs. 7.2%) compared to non-COVID-19 patients.
  • Hypertension, ischemic heart disease, and comorbidities like hepatic and renal issues were more prevalent in COVID-19 CVD patients.

Conclusions:

  • Acute CVD is a significant complication of COVID-19, with LVO being the most common presentation.
  • Hypertension, ischemic heart disease, and anemia are key risk factors associated with severe CVD in COVID-19 patients.
  • Elevated liver enzymes and creatinine were common, partly attributable to the COVID-19 infection itself.

Keywords:
COVID-19anosmiacentral nervous systemcerebrovascular strokehemorrhagic infarctionlarge vessel occlusion

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