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Provisional Mortality Data - United States, 2020.

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Provisional mortality data show a 15.9% increase in the U.S. death rate from 2019 to 2020. COVID-19 emerged as the third leading cause of death, impacting older adults and minority groups disproportionately.

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology
  • Vital Statistics

Background:

  • The National Vital Statistics System (NVSS) traditionally releases final U.S. mortality data 11 months after year-end.
  • Timely data are crucial, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic, to inform public health responses.
  • Existing surveillance systems may underestimate mortality due to reporting delays.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present an overview of provisional U.S. mortality data for 2020.
  • To provide the first ranking of leading causes of death for 2020.
  • To highlight demographic disparities in mortality rates and COVID-19 impact.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized provisional mortality data from the National Vital Statistics System (NVSS).
  • Analyzed overall U.S. deaths and age-adjusted death rates from 2019 to 2020.
  • Examined COVID-19 as an underlying or contributing cause of death and its associated rates across demographics.

Main Results:

  • Approximately 3.36 million deaths occurred in the U.S. in 2020, with an age-adjusted death rate increase of 15.9% from 2019.
  • COVID-19 was the third leading cause of death, accounting for 377,883 deaths (11.3% of total deaths).
  • Highest COVID-19 death rates were observed in adults aged ≥85, American Indian/Alaska Native and Hispanic persons, and males.

Conclusions:

  • Provisional mortality data offer near real-time insights into U.S. death trends.
  • The significant increase in death rates and COVID-19's leading role underscore its public health impact.
  • Findings can guide targeted public health policies and interventions to mitigate COVID-19's mortality burden.