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Septic cavernous sinus thrombosis: A review.

Jonathan T Caranfa1, Michael K Yoon2

  • 1Department of Ophthalmology, New England Eye Center Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Eastern Connecticut Health Network, Manchester Memorial Hospital, Manchester, Connecticut, USA.

Survey of Ophthalmology
|April 8, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Septic cavernous sinus thrombosis (SCST) is a rare but serious condition. Prompt diagnosis and treatment are crucial to reduce high morbidity and mortality rates, despite antibiotic advancements.

Keywords:
AnticoagulationCavernous Sinus ThrombosisCerebral Venous ThrombosisSinusitisSuperior Ophthalmic Vein Thrombosis

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Septic cavernous sinus thrombosis (SCST) is a rare, severe condition.
  • Typically originates from paranasal sinus infections, but also from other head and neck sources.
  • Symptoms result from impaired venous drainage and cranial nerve compression.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the literature on SCST.
  • To focus on current diagnostic and medical management recommendations and evidence.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of septic cavernous sinus thrombosis.
  • Focus on diagnostic and medical management strategies.

Main Results:

  • SCST incidence, morbidity, and mortality have declined since the antibiotic era.
  • Despite improvements, significant neurological sequelae and mortality persist.
  • Prompt recognition, diagnosis, and treatment are essential.

Conclusions:

  • SCST remains a severe condition with high complication rates.
  • Current evidence supports prompt diagnostic and medical management.
  • Further research may refine treatment protocols for better outcomes.