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Methods to Explore the Influence of Top-down Visual Processes on Motor Behavior
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Motion perception and its disorders.

Jason J S Barton1

  • 1Departments of Medicine (Neurology), Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, and Psychology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.

Handbook of Clinical Neurology
|April 9, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Motion perception relies on specialized brain areas like MT/V5. Damage to these areas causes akinetopsia, while other neurological conditions and developmental issues also impair motion vision.

Keywords:
AkinetopsiaDorsal streamGlobal motionMTV5

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Visual Perception
  • Motion Processing

Background:

  • Motion is crucial for visual experience and is studied using computerized stimuli.
  • Key brain regions for motion processing include the middle temporal (MT/V5) area and others like V5A/MST.
  • Lesions in these areas can lead to akinetopsia, a severe deficit in motion perception.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the neural basis of motion perception.
  • To discuss the effects of brain lesions and neurological diseases on motion vision.
  • To highlight developmental vulnerabilities in motion perception.

Main Methods:

  • Review of animal and human studies on motion perception.
  • Analysis of lesion studies in humans, including cerebral akinetopsia.
  • Examination of motion perception deficits in various neurological and developmental conditions.

Main Results:

  • Bilateral V5/V5A lesions cause akinetopsia; unilateral lesions cause milder deficits.
  • Parietal lesions can impair biological motion perception and attention-demanding tasks.
  • Impaired motion perception is linked to optic neuropathy, dementia, and developmental syndromes.

Conclusions:

  • The dorsal pathway shows developmental vulnerability affecting motion perception.
  • Understanding motion processing is vital for diagnosing and treating visual impairments.
  • Motion perception deficits can arise from diverse neurological and developmental origins.