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The Trilogy of SARS-CoV-2 in Pediatrics (Part 1): Acute COVID-19 in Special Populations
Insights
This review examines pharmacologic treatments for pediatric COVID-19, including special populations. It covers approved and investigational therapies for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in children.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases
- Pharmacology
- Virology
Background:
- The COVID-19 pandemic, caused by SARS-CoV-2, presents unique challenges in pediatric populations.
- Limited data exists on evaluating and treating COVID-19 in children, especially those with comorbidities or in special populations.
- A comprehensive review of pediatric COVID-19 treatments is needed due to rapidly evolving therapies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To conduct a comprehensive review of pharmacologic treatments for COVID-19 in pediatric patients.
- To evaluate both proven and disproven treatments, including emergency use authorizations.
- To explore rationales for pharmacotherapies not routinely used in acute pediatric COVID-19.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of published studies and clinical trial data.
- Analysis of emergency use authorizations for pediatric COVID-19 therapies.
- Evaluation of pharmacologic interventions for prevention and treatment.
Main Results:
- Summarizes current pharmacologic interventions for pediatric COVID-19 as of January 25, 2021.
- Identifies treatments with established efficacy and those under investigation.
- Discusses the rationale behind using certain medications in pediatric severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection.
Conclusions:
- Highlights the need for evidence-based treatment guidelines for pediatric COVID-19.
- Emphasizes the importance of considering special pediatric populations in treatment strategies.
- Underscores the dynamic nature of COVID-19 treatment and the need for ongoing research.
Abstract:
With the emergence of the SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2) virus, the pandemic has resulted in a severe respiratory disease known as COVID-19. Data and literature are limited in the evaluation, treatment, and considerations for pediatric patients including special populations (e.g., neonates, children, immunocompromised patients, and those with sickle cell disease). There exists a need for a comprehensive review of pediatric proven and disproven treatments as therapies continue to emerge. This article evaluates the pharmacologic treatment and prevention therapies used in pediatric patients to date, including emergency use authorizations, as well as rationales for pharmacotherapies not routinely used to treat acute COVID-19 infection. It is important to note this review article is current as of January 25, 2021, given the rapid evolvement of the pandemic.
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