Comparative Numerical Analysis between Two Types of Orthodontic Wire for the Lingual Technique, Using the Finite...

Area of Science:

• Orthodontics
• Biomaterials Engineering
• Biomechanics

Background:

• Lingual orthodontics utilizes two wire paradigms: straight wires with resin bonding and mushroom-shaped bent wires.
• Current practice lacks specific indications for each wire type, relying on orthodontist criteria.

Purpose of the Study:

• To establish a basis for determining clinical indications for straight vs. mushroom arches in lingual orthodontics.
• To compare the biomechanical effects of straight and mushroom arches on the mandible and appliances.

Main Methods:

• A comparative clinical trial using a single lingual orthodontic patient.
• Placement of a straight arch in the right mandibular arch and a mushroom arch in the left.
• Generation of a high-biofidelity biomodel of the mandible using 3D imaging for Finite Element Method (FEM) analysis.

Main Results:

• The straight arch side exhibited greater mandibular bone deformation.
• The mushroom arch side demonstrated higher stress concentrations in the bone and appliances.
• FEM analysis revealed distinct biomechanical responses between the two arch types.

Conclusions:

• The study provides foundational data for selecting appropriate wire types in lingual orthodontics.
• Distinct biomechanical outcomes suggest specific clinical scenarios favoring either straight or mushroom arches.
• Further research can refine indications based on these findings for improved treatment outcomes.