[Progress in the study of pulmonary fibrosis signaling pathways caused by paraquat poisoning]

Paraquat is a quaternary ammonium herbicide, which can be distributed in lung, liver, kidney, heart, brain and other organs through blood circulation, leading to multiple organ failure, especially lung injury. Due to the lack of effective treatment methods and specific antidotes, the prognosis of most patients with paraquat poisoning is very poor. The treatment of paraquat poisoning was a big problem for emergency doctors. Previous studies have found that pulmonary fibrosis caused by paraquat poisoning is closely related to a variety of pathological processes, such as oxidative stress, inflammatory reaction, mitochondrial damage, imbalance of extracellular matrixproduction (ECM) and degradation, which involve the activation or inhibition of various signaling pathways. In recent years, many researchers focused on clarifying the mechanism of paraquat induced pulmonary fibrosis, and some signaling pathways related to paraquat poisoning leading to pulmonary fibrosis have been found. A large number of studies have found that adenosine monophosphate activated protein kinase (AMPK) related signaling pathway, transforming growth factor-β/Smad (TGF-β/Smad) signaling pathway, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) related signaling pathway, Ras homolog gene/Rho associated kinases (Ras/ROCK) and Wnt/β-catenin signal pathways are closely related to paraquat induced pulmonary fibrosis. In this paper, we reviewed signaling pathways related to paraquat induced pulmonary fibrosis, in order to provide more ideas for the clinical treatment of paraquat induced pulmonary fibrosis.